Теоретическая фонетика английского языка
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Зырянова Теоретическая фонетика
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P HONETICS AND O THER D ISCIPLINES Phonetics is one of the basic branches of linguistics and it is closely connected with the other linguistic disciplines: lexicology, grammar, stylistics. This connection is determined by the fact that language is a system whose component parts are inseparably connected with one another, and therefore the sciences that study these component parts must be interconnected too. S.F. Leontyeva points out that phonetics formulates the rules of pronunciation for separate sounds and sound combinations. The rules of reading are based on the relation of sounds to orthography and present certain difficulties in learning the English language. Thus, vowel sounds are pronounced not only as we name the letters corresponding to them: the letter a [ei] can be pronounced as [æ] – can, [ɑ:] – car, [eə] – care. Through the system of rules of reading phonetics is connected with grammar. It helps to pronounce singular and plural forms of nouns, the past tense forms and past participles of English regular verbs correctly (to beg – begged [d], to wish – wished [t]). Another manifestation of the connection of phonetics with grammar is sound interchange (or sound 15 alternation). This connection can be observed in the category of number (the interchange of [f –v], [s –z], [θ –ð] helps to differentiate singular and plural forms of such nouns as: calf – calves, leaf – leaves, house – houses). Vowel interchange is connected with the tense forms of irregular verbs (sing – sang – sung, write – wrote – written). It can also be observed in onomatopoeic compounds (flap-flop, hip-hop). Phonetics is also connected with lexicology. Due to the accurate presence of stress, or accent, we can distinguish certain nouns from verbs ('object предмет – to ob'ject возражать). Due to the position of word stress we can distinguish between homonymous words and word groups (`blackbird дрозд - 'black `bird черная птица). Besides we can differentiate homographs only due to pronunciation, because they are identical in spelling (bow [bəʊ] лук – bow [baʊ] поклон). S.F. Leontyeva also notes that phonetics is connected with stylistics. First of all, through intonation and its components: speech melody, utterance stress, rhythm, pausation and voice timbre which serve to express emotions, to distinguish between different attitudes on the part of the author and speaker. Phonetics is also connected with stylistics through repetition of words, phrases and sounds. Repetition of this kind serves the basis of rhythm, rhyme and alliteration. Onomatopoeia, a combination of sounds which imitate sounds produced in nature, is one more stylistic device which can serve as an example of the connection between phonetics and stylistics (tinkle, jingle, clink, ting, chink; clap, dab, smack; crash, bang). Phonetics is also closely connected with a number of non-linguistic disciplines which study different aspects of speech production and speech 16 perception: physiology, anatomy, physics (acoustics). Mathematics, statistics, logic and computer science are used in phonetic research too. Download 1.19 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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