32. Syndetic complex sentences. Types of subordinate clauses.
There is much more to be said about the complex sentences than about the compound. The semantic relations which can be expressed by subordination are much more numerous and more varied than with co-ordination, e.g. time, place, concession, purpose, etc.
Types of complex sentences: The notions of declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentence appear to be applicable to some types of complex sentences as well.
Classification:
According to the functional principle we distinguish object, attributive, adverbial clauses, etc.
According to the categorial principle subordinate clauses are divided into 3 categorial semantic groups: substantive-nominal, qualification-nominal and adverbial.
e.g. That they were justified in this she could not but admit. – That fact she could not but admit.
e.g. Ann had become aware of the fact that she was talking loudly. – Ann had become aware of that fact.
e.g. I’ll deserve your confidence if you give me another chance. – I’ll deserve your confidence on condition that you give me another chance.
The two classifications are mutually complementary:
- clauses of primary nominal positions (subject, predicative, object clauses);
- clauses of secondary nominal positions (attributive clauses);
- clauses of adverbial positions.
According to the degree of self-dependence of clauses complex sentences are divided into monolythic and segregative sentence structures. Monolythic complex sentences are based on obligatory subordinative connections of clauses, whereas segregative complex sentences are based on optional subordinative connections.
Monolythic complex sentences:
1) merger complex sentences, i.e. sentences with subject and predicative subordinate clauses, where the subordinate clause is fused with the principal one.
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