The concept of legal relations, content and their basic concepts

Список литературы:
1. Ангелова-Барбалова Н., Крушкова С. Психопатология и диагностика в психиатрии и клинической психо-
логии. – Русе: изд. Хелт-Консулт, 2013.
2. Ангелова-Барбалова Н. Насилие над ребёнком, студия Социальные права болгарского гражданина – про-
блемы и перспективы./интердисциплинарные исследования/Изд. РУ, – 2015.
Serykbaev Azamat Muratuly,
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, master student 1
st
 cours, Faculty of Law
Karataeva Aygul,
Candidate of Law, professor of the Chair of State 
and Law Theory and history, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Faculty of Law, 
al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
E-mail: [e-mail]
The concept of legal relations, content and their basic concepts
Abstract: The paper considers the substantive part of the legal culture. Also in the paper comprehensively re-
searched to the legal literacy. The main conclusions and points the author may be used in the formation and develop-
ment of legal culture, to increase the legal awareness and legal education of Kazakh society.

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Section 2. Science of law
118
Keywords: culture, civilization, legal culture, legal civilization, legal education, government, public authority, 
the state's activity.
The subjects of legal relations are divided into two 
categories: legal entities as such, they do not have sepa-
rate legal status, the State (the person to call it is quite 
arbitrary). Legal status here are the so-called branches of 
government. Individuals are always the only people they 
are legally characterized legal capacity. Legal entities — 
commercial and non-profit organizations are always 
completely legal personality, that is, they always have 
the legal capacity to the full. Under the legal entity is 
an organization serving civil circulation under his own 
name, which has the right of ownership or other rights 
of property, and may sue and be sued in court. State 
and municipal authorities are part of the apparatus of 
government. Public authorities — is established in ac-
cordance with the law of structural units of the state ap-
paratus, which are endowed with their competence. The 
competence of the state bodies is determined by their 
objects of reference. In administrative law set of terms 
of reference is sometimes also called jurisdiction. Pub-
lic authorities outside their jurisdiction, have the status 
of a legal entity. One and the same person representing 
conflicting interests of various of their legal status, while 
a number of different subjects of legal relations. In order 
to participate in the legal relationship, you must have le-
gal capacity. Legal capacity of participants in civil legal 
empowers the state, thus recognizing them as subjects of 
law. To their actions acquire and exercise rights, to create 
for themselves and do their duty, legal entities nadely-
ayutsyadeesposobnostyu. Sometimes in the literature 
uses the term “personality” that combines the authority 
and capacity. Legal personality is defined as “social and 
legal capacity to be party to the relevant relationships”. 
From the definition given in the beginning of this article, 
it follows that the material content of any relationship is 
that the public attitude that it is fixed. In other words, it 
“is the actual behavior (action and inaction), which can 
be empowered and pravoobyazanny must do” [1].
The concept of “legal content” relationship, strictly 
speaking, refers to the content of the legal form. Com-
ponents of legal content relationships — his subjective 
rights (powers) and legal obligations. Subjective rights 
and duties are inextricably linked with each other. They 
occur at the same time, but in the future the content of 
the legal relationship may change: the participants may 
be new legal rights and obligations. In the vast major-
ity of legal relations, each participant has both rights 
and obligations. However, in some legal relations in 
the authorized person has only a subjective right, and 
the obligated person — only subjective responsibility. 
Question of the object relations in the science of law is 
controversial. In general, under them understand the 
tangible and intangible benefits, about which there is 
a relationship. In the legal literature offers a number 
of different definitions of object relationship. Some 
authors refer to the subject “what the aim subjective 
rights and legal obligations”, others — “what about 
what constitutes a legal relationship”. Often in both 
these expressions embedded same meaning. In some 
cases, the external object, which is a cause of establish-
ing relationship may indicate a focus of rights and ob-
ligations of the parties. Summing up, we can say that 
the objects are the legal phenomena (objects) of the 
material and the spiritual world that can meet the needs 
of actors — interest empowered. Generally speaking — 
a variety of tangible and intangible benefits. The range 
of objects of interest through legal outlines empowered. 
Thus characteristic of the object is consistent with the 
concept of subjective right, which is an important point 
of interest. At the same time a legal relationship “tied” 
to a system of real-life relationship to material and 
duhovnymtsennostyam society. Various benefits (po-
litical, spiritual, personal, material) that can meet the 
needs of people, society, are involved in a range of legal 
analysis. And it allows more thoroughness consider “the 
facts of the” relations, to find out their real value and 
meaning in society. However, this needs a differenti-
ated approach. Tangible and intangible benefits that are 
legal entities, should be considered in connection with 
the behavior of the subjects, that is, material content 
relationship. More precise definition of the object is the 
following relationship — “those phenomena (objects) 
the world around us, which are aimed at the subjec-
tive legal rights and responsibilities” object relation-
ship — always something external to the legal content 
of the legal relationship, that is something that is out of 
subjective rights and duties. Legal relationship exists in 
the real-life events, objects around us. In characterizing 
the relationship as the unity of the legal form and the 
actual content, we have already included in the legal 
entities, as well as material content — the behavior of 
people. Now the range of phenomena around us associ-
ated with a legal illuminated even wider — in the field 
of view includes phenomena (objects) that are sent to 
the rights and obligations [3].

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The concept of legal relations, content and their basic concepts
119
It should be emphasized that certain phenomena 
(objects) are treated as objects is applied to the relation-
ship. And as the objects are the legal phenomena (objects) 
that are recognized as such by the state. Any industry Ka-
zakhstan law regulates certain relationship, ie, relations 
regulated by the law. In particular, civil law peculiar to the 
regulation of civil relations (property and related moral 
rights), criminal law — the regulation of relations con-
nected with crime and punishment. What regulates the 
legal administrative law? First of all, it should be noted 
that the administrative law — it is an independent branch 
of the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Branch-
es of law differ from each other on the subject and method 
of legal regulation. That is the subject of administrative 
law are those relationships, which will be discussed fur-
ther. Administrative and legal relations — is regulated by 
administrative law public relations in the sphere of the 
executive branch. Administrative and legal relations are 
a variety of legal relationships, diverse in nature, legal con-
tent for their members. They are characterized by all the 
main features of any relationship, such as: the primacy of 
the rule of law, so that the legal relationship is the result of 
the regulatory impact on this social relation of this legal 
norm that gives it legal form; regulation of the legal norm 
of action (behavior) of the parties of this relationship; 
correspondence of mutual obligations and the right sides 
of the legal relationship defined by the norm, etc. How-
ever, it should highlight some of the features that comple-
ment this general characteristic and can serve as a basis 
for the delimitation of administrative relations to other 
types of relationships [4].
Objects of civil rights (and hence the civil relations) 
are things vklyuchayadengi and securities, other prop-
erty, property rights, services and information, results 
of intellectual activity, including chisleisklyuchitelnye 
rights to them (intellectual property), intangible ben-
efits. In the legal literature, along with other theories 
prevalent theory of “object-action”, according to which 
the object relationship is voluntary behavior of the obli-
gated person. Summing up, we can say that the objects 
are the legal phenomena (objects) of the material and 
the spiritual world that can meet the needs of actors — 
interest empowered. Generally speaking — a variety of 
tangible and intangible benefits. The range of objects 
of interest through legal outlines empowered. Thus char-
acteristic of the object is consistent with the concept of 
subjective right, which is an important point of interest. 
At the same time a legal relationship “tied” to a system 
of real-life relationship to material and duhovnymtsen-
nostyam society. Various benefits (political, spiritual, 
personal, material) that can meet the needs of people, 
society, are involved in a range of legal analysis. And it 
allows more thoroughness consider “the facts of the” 
relations, to find out their real value and meaning in 
society. However, this needs a differentiated approach. 
Tangible and intangible benefits that are legal entities, 
should be considered in connection with the behavior 
of the subjects, that is, material content relationship. 
The behavior of different actors in the legal relationship 
of active and passive types. The general definition of the 
object relationship as tangible and intangible (spiritual) 
wealth enriches our understanding of the legal relation-
ship allows us to characterize them with new parties, 
and most importantly — “links” the existence of a legal 
system of material and spiritual values of society. Ques-
tion of the object has practical value. This is especially 
true of those relationships where tangible or intangible 
benefits are separated from the behavior of the subjects. 
Here the objects (and ultimately related volitional ac-
tions of people) can get independent, detached in the 
regulation of legal norms. In particular, civil law specifi-
cally regulates the legal regime of things as objects of 
property rights; legal regime obektovavtorskih and in-
ventors’ rights; issues related to the result of the work 
of the contractor for the contract and other legal rela-
tions. In a number of property relations associated with 
the presence of the object existence of the subjective 
right. These legal relations of nullifying or impairing 
the object leads to a violation of the subjective rights 
and gives rise to legal enforcement aimed at eliminating 
the consequences of the offense and the adoption of 
measures against violators. For example, the destruc-
tion of objects of property rights may have criminal and 
civil enforcement relationship, in which the offender is 
criminally and civilly liable. Thus, with respect to legal 
relationships where there is a “separable object” in deal-
ing with legal cases is necessary in some cases, analysis 
of objects and of the legal rules that govern their legal 
regime [5].
The current law and practice the concept of “legal 
regime of objects” (things spiritual creativity prod-
ucts, the results of separable) and reflects the impact 
that the properties of objects on the content of rights 
and obligations. From the point of view of philosophy, 
social relation is the state of the relationship and the 
relationship between people, manifested in their in-
teraction. “The main type of relationship is commu-
nication, which is defined as the ratio of dependence”. 
Category “attitude” is generic in relation to the cat-
egory of “communication”. 

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Section 2. Science of law
120
1. Broadly speaking public relations – “is objecti-
fied as inherited and cumulative live, sensual and so 
on. N. Human activities, serving as co multi-GIH indi-
viduals in connection with their relation to each other”. 
2. For legal methodological significance has an idea 
about public relations as a practical result of human ac-
tivity in the form of their relations to meet the personal 
and social interests. Human needs as a unity needs and 
gravity to anything, being conscious, formed as inter-
ests and encourage people to cooperate to meet them. 
Hence public relations, and legal in particular, are spe-
cifically human form of achieving goals. As for the le-
gal relations, they, unlike other (economic, political, 
moral, and so on. N.) Are characterized by high degree 
of formalization and warranty from the state. In social 
life, people, guided by their personal or public interests, 
come to one another in a variety of relations: economic, 
political, cultural, moral, legal, and so on. N. Types of 
concrete social relations define the respective spheres 
of social life and current social norms. Each variety of 
social norms and contributes to the development of ap-
propriate social relations. People also tend to attach im-
portance to social regulation, aware of it only to the 
extent that it contributes to the protection and to meet 
their interests, so the legal relations are reviewed and 
evaluated primarily as the result of legal norms to regu-
late the process of practical behavior in the legal field. 
Hence, the most common in science understanding of 
the legal relationship as a public relations regulated by 
law. 3. legal practitioners and ordinary citizens are guid-
ed by this understanding of legal relations. It allows you 
to select and distinguished from other legal relations of 
social relations, focusing on their public-binding and 
warranty measures of state coercion.
In conclusion, we can say in general theory of law is 
legal understanding of how to resolve the legal norm of 
public relations is considerable controversy, because in 
science there is no clarity in the definition of “communi-
cation”, “actual ratio”, “social relationship” in their mutual 
transitions into each other.