The Failures of Mathematical Anti-Evolutionism
particular reason to expect that we could have gotten any kind of
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The Failures of Mathematical Anti-Evolutionism (Jason Rosenhouse) (z-lib.org)
particular reason to expect that we could have gotten any kind of visible form other than nonsense. (Moorhead and Kaplan 1967, 14) An analogy will make his reasoning easier to follow. There is a small fungus known as a truffle that many gourmets regard as a delicacy. Truffles are very expensive precisely because they are so rare and coveted. The problem is that they grow in forests underground, where they are hard to find. If you enter a forest at random and start digging, you are unlikely to find one. For this reason, truffle harvesters typically use trained pigs, called truffle hogs, to sniff them out. In so doing, they substantially increase their chances of success. The point is that when you try to find small targets in large spaces, you need some kind of edge. In Eden’s argument, proteins are playing the role of the truffles, and the large space of theoretical possibilities is playing the role of the forest. Eden is asking what plays the role of the pig. 88 4 the legacy of the wistar conference We can respond to this request with another analogy. Imagine we are walking through a dense forest with a single, narrow walking trail. Suddenly we emerge in a clearing to find ourselves standing at the bank of a river that we need to cross. Since we lack a canoe or any similar conveyance, we go looking for a different solution. We notice a large rock we can use as a stepping-stone, so we jump to it. From there we notice another stepping-stone, and then a third. In this manner we are able to cross to the other side. Upon reaching the other side, a local approaches us. He says, “That’s amazing! I’ve been up and down this river many times and I happen to know that these are the only stepping-stones to be found anywhere along its entire length. You found the one, lonely, sequence of stepping-stones in a vast river. How on Earth did you do it?” Continuing with the analogy, it is not hard to answer the local’s question. We did not randomly search the entire river looking for stones. Instead we carried out a series of local searches in the neighborhood of wherever we happened to be. We were successful because, while stepping-stones are rare in the river as a whole, they were common in the small part of the river we needed to search. The local might not be impressed by that response. He might say, “That is all well and good, but isn’t it remarkable that you ended up right in a clearing from which you could reach the first stone. Had you started from anywhere else along the river, you would have been well and truly stuck. But you found the only possible starting place. Amazing!” To which we would reply, “Still, there is no mystery. There was only one walking path through the forest, and it channeled us right to that starting point. We did not choose our starting point at random, but rather were forced there by the territory surrounding the river.” And if the local now insists that we explain why the territory is so ordered as to lead us to that starting point, we would probably reply, “That’s an interesting question, but it’s entirely separate from the one we started with. There’s no mystery about how I found the stepping- stones across the river, because the forest forced me to a point from |
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