The ministry of higher and secondary 5 special education of the republic of uzbekistan jizzakh state pedagogical university faculty of preschool and elementary education (foreign language) course work theme

2. Visual phonetics studies the phonetic system of a given language. For example: English phonetics, Russian phonetics, Uzbek phonetics, etc.
3. Historical or diachronic phonetics studies sound
changes in the development of a language or languages. His material may be based on written historical and Iiterary monuments. Diachronic studies of the phonetic system of the language can explain its current state (synchronically) and compare it. It is part of a language history course. For example, Werner's and Grimmis Laws, Ablaut, Umlaut, Big Vowel Shift, etc. are objects of diachronic phonetics, which are also called evolutionary phonetics.
4. Comparative typological phonetics of two or more different system languages, for example, English, Russian, Uzbek and learns phonetic features. It is a part of comparative typological linguistics, Its main principle is linguistic
categorize in comparison all the different units of the language. Comparative-typological phonetics has great theoretical and practical importance. In theory language universality (in marny languages existing facts and features), the phonetic systern of all languages to determine similarities and differences between sound structucture, syllable types, stress and intonation comparison is important. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to offer appropriate teaching materials and effective methods of teaching a foreign language. The comparative-typological method is also known by the tems historical or synchronic analysis of languages 1.2 Speech apparatus and phonetic basis The speech apparatus, or vocal tract, consists of three parts:
1) the breathing mechanism, which provides the airflow necessary to produce most sounds,
2) the larynx, which generates most of the sound energy used in speech,
3) supraglottal cavities, which play the role of resonators for the production of speech sounds. Supraglottal cavities: pharynx, oral cavity and nasal cavity, Another resonator is the vOwels and lip consonants. The roof labial cavity, which serves to pronounce round and rounded of the mouth is divided into: hard palate, soft palate (or velum), Some of the types of phonation and articulation
described can be combined as breathy voice, raspy voice, etc. The place of articulation is the lips (labial: bilabial and labiodental), teeth (tooth), ridge of upper teeth (alveolar). hard and soft palates (palatal and palatal). pharynx (larynx) and larynx. (glottal). Of these joints the location of some parts of the language in all places due to which the vocal tract may become narrowed or closed. If the tip of the tongue approaches them, dorsal, blade- layered, if it is performed by the body- domal, the back part dorsal sounds are fomed. The degree of closure of the speech organs determines the style of articulation
measures. Full in production of closure stops, very narrow for fricatives, less narrow for consonants (liquids, nasals, vowels). When passing through the edges of articulation is lateral (for /1/) when there is room for air to pass between the teeth. Air from the nasal cavity of the velum the tongue and the molar opening, the articulati on is nasal (/ for m, n/). There are other types of sounds that are explained in the sections on vowels and consonants classification. All people in the world have the same speech organs. But in articulating speech sounds in different languages not all movements of the speech organs are used in the same way. because it depends on the pronunciation habits of each la Possible articulation of the parts o F sneech in each language actions are used. Many new in learning a foreign language it is important to master the habits of articulation. English word to Uzbek language rather than to the peculiar stress of all meaningful words retains its phonetic independence in the sentence it has.Articulation and prosodic fundamentals form the phonetic basis of language. We can create its phonetic basis by describing all pronunciation features of the language. Uzbeks learning English tend to use their own pronunciation habits and the phonetic basis of Uzbek language when pronouncing English. This phenomenon is called phonetic interference. The facts ofphonetic interference between Uzbek and English in teaching the correct pronunciation of the English language
identification and attention to differen ces in the phonetic basis of languages
should be given.