The Present simple tense

Loading heavy weights requires great skill.
2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo’lgan ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun perfect gerund ishlatiladi.
I don’t remember having seen him before.
He mentioned having read it in the paper.
3. on (upon), after predloglaridan keyin gerund ifodalaydigan ish-harakati gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatidan oldin sodir bo’lgan bo’lsa ham simple gerund ishlatiladi.
On receiving the answer of the firm we handed all the documents to our legal adviser.
After concluding the contract, the representative of the firm left London.
4. Gerunddagi ish-harakat kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo’lganligini ta’kidlash zarurati bo’lmaganda perfect gerund emas simple gerund ishlatiladi.
I thank you for coming. (for having come emas)
He apologized for leaving the door open (for having left emas).
Harakat nomi ya’ni “Gerund” odatda quyidagi fe’llardan keyin keladi:

Stop-to’xtatmoq Finish-tugatmoq Advise-maslahat bermoq Anticipate-bashorat qilmoq Enjoy-rohatlanmoq Complete-tugatmoq Delay-kechiktirmoq Apreciate-baholamoq Mind-qarshilik q-q Quit-tark etmoq Suggest-taklif q-q Recall-eslatmoq Fancy-faraz q-q Recollect-eslatmoq Imagine-tasavvur qilmoq Regret-afsus qilmoq Discuss-bahs q-q Resume-davom ettirmoq

Dislike-yoqtirmaslik Admit-tan olmoq Forget-unutmoq Deny-inkor etmoq Can’t help-masdan tura olmaslik Avoid-qochmoq Keep-saqlamoq Consider-hisoblamoq Mention-eslatmoq Involve-o’z ichiga olmoq Remember-eslamoq Practice-mashq qilmoq Report-xabar qilmoq Miss-qoldirmoq,sog’inmoq Recent-achchiqlanmoq Postpone-kechiktirmoq Resist-qarshilik q-q Risk-tavakkal q-q

M-n: I’ve finished cleaning - men tozalashni tugatdim.
I can’t imagine reading these books – men bu kitoblarni o’qishni tasavvur qilolmayman.
Quyidagi predlogli birikmalardan keyin ham gerund keladi:

Give up- (=stop) tashlamoq Go on (=continue) davom etmoq Put off ( =postpone) kechiktirmoq Carry on - davom etmoq Keep, keep on – davom etmoq

Gerundning vazifalari.
1. Gerund ko’pincha predloglar bilan kelib, gapda vositali to’ldiruvchi, aniqlovchi va ot-kesim tarkibida keladi. Predloglar faqat ot oldida ishlatilganligi sababli, har qanday predlogdan keyin fe’l otga yaqin bo’lgan shakl – gerundga aylanadi.
2. Gerund predlogsiz ega, vositasiz to’ldiruvchi, fe’l kesim va ot-kesim tarkibida kelishi mumkin.


Gerundning predloglardan keyin kelishi
1. Predlog talab qiluvchi ko’pgina fe’llardan, sifatlardan va otlardan keyin gerund ishlatiladi va predlogli vositali to’ldiruvchi bo’lib keladi.
I am fond of reading.
Did you find any difficulty in solving this problem?
There is no sense in going there today.
2. Gerund orqasidan for predlogini oluvchi ko’pgina otlarning orqasidan o’sha otga aniqlovchi bo’lib keladi va o’sha buyumning nima maqsadda ishlatilishini bildiradi.
A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature.
This is an airplane for transporting goods.
3. Gerund gapda hol bo’lib keladi.