The Present simple tense

The goods have arrived. My clothes are wet.
Bog’lovchi (The Conjuction)

1. Gaplarni va gap bo’laklarini bir-biri bilan bog’lash uchun ishlatiladigan so’zlarga bog’lovchilar deyiladi.

Teng va ergashtiruvchi bog’lovchilar mavjud.
2. Teng bog’lovchilar gapning uyushiq bo’laklarini va mustaqil gaplarni bir-biriga bog’lash uchun ishlatiladi.
I have received a letter and a telegram.
3. Ergashtiruvchi bog’lovchilar ergash gaplarni bosh gaparga bog’laydi.
I can’t do it now because I am very busy.
I said that he would come in the evening.
4. Bog’lovchilar shakliga ko’ra sodda va qo’shma bo’ladi.
Sodda bog’lovchilar; and va, bilan, but ammo, lekin, if agar, that.
Qo’shma bog’lovchilar: as well as ham, shuningdek, so that, in order that uchun, maqsadda as soon as –gach, bilanoq va boshqalar.
Ba’zi qo’shma bog’lovchilar ikkilangan bo’ladi, chunki ikki qismdan iborat bo’ladi: both … and ham … ham, not only … but also faqat emas … ham, either … or yoki … yo, neither … nor na … na va boshqalar.
Ba’zi bog’lovchilar sifatdoshlar shakliga ega bo’ladi: provided (providing) shartda, agar … bo’lsa, seeing bilib, modomiki, hamonki, supposing shunday, aytaylik, faraz qilaylik.
Payt ergash gap bo’glovchilari
1. Ago – ilgari, oldin. (hozirdan avval):
My parents got married twenty years ago.
2. Before – oldin. (biror narsadan oldin):
Isomiddin and Dilshoda got married last month. They had met six months before.
(o’tgan oydan olti oy oldin)
3. Until/till – gacha, guncha:
You must stay in the office till/until you finish the report.
They’ll be at their summer house until/till Sunday.
4. By the time + clause – biror narsa bo’lguncha.
I will have set the table by the time you come home.
5. By – gacha.
I’ll let you know my decision by Friday.
6. Not … till/until/before
I won’t have finished my work until/till/before Tuesday.
7. During + noun (ot) – mobaynida:
We learnt several interesting facts during the lecture.
8. While/as + clause (gap) – da, paytida:
We learnt several interesting facts while/as we were listening to the lecture.
9. When – da, paytida + present tense:
We will order some pizzas when our friends get here.
10. When – qachon + will/would:
I am not sure when his next book will be published.
11. After – keyin,so’ng:
After the steamer had left the port, we sent a telegram to the buyers.
12. As long as – to, qadar:
As long as you insist on these terms, we shall not be able to come to an agreement with you.
13. As soon as – bilanoq:
He will do it as soon as he comes home.
14. Since – dan beri:
What have you been doing since I last saw you?
Natija ergash gap bog’lovchilari.
1. The president was taken ill and as a result/therefore/consequently the summit meeting was cancelled.
2. So: It was hot, so I turned on the air – conditioning.
3. Such a/an + sifat + birlikdagi sanaladigan ot:
It was such an interesting book (that) I couldn’t put it down.
4. Such + sifat + ko’plikdagi yoki sanalmaydigan ot:
They are such good friends they’ve never had an argument.
5. Such a lot of + ko’plikdagi yoki sanalmaydigan ot:
He has such a lot of money (that) he doesn’t know what to do with it.
6. So + sifat/ravish:
He is so devoted that he deserves praise.
He speaks so quickly that I can’t understand him.
7. So much/little + sanalmaydigan ot:
There is so much traffic that we won’t be on time.
8. So many/few + ko’plikdagi ot: