The Present simple tense
tayyori 2003
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- The use of definite article – Aniq artiklning ishlatilishi
| - to be in a position – sharoitida, holatida bo‘lmoq
- to go for a walk – sayrga chiqmoq - a friend of mine – bir do‘stim - a piece of work – ozgina ish - a lot of – ko‘p - a couple (pair) of- bir juft - a great deal of – ko‘p - a great number – ko‘p |
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- a great many – ko‘p - a good of – ko‘p - a good many – ko‘p - a little – biroz, ozgina - a few – biroz,ozgina - an actor of the Hamza theatre – teatr aktyorlaridan biri - as a result of – natijada - as a matter of fact – haqiqiy, haqiqatda, aslida - all of a sudden – to‘saddan - on a large (small) scale – yirik, katta(kichik) masshtabda - in a loud (low) voise – past (baland) ovozda - in a whisper – shivirlab,pichirlab - in a panic – vahimada - it is a pity – afsus, achinarli - it is a pleasure – rohatli,maroqli - at a time when - o‘sha paytda - at a glance – bir qarashda - at a time - vaqtida - at a distance of – uzoqda, . . . dan narida at a speed of – tezlikda at an early age – yoshlikda - for a short (long) time – qisqa (uzoq) vaqt davomida - just a moment-bir daqiqa - as a stone – toshdek - what a shame- qanday uyat! |
The use of definite article – Aniq artiklning ishlatilishi
Bu artikl birlik va ko‘plik otlar oldidan qo‘llaniladi, shuningdek, biror bir turdagi narsa ajratib ko‘rsatilganda qo‘llanadi. Aniq artikl ko‘rsatish olmoshi (that – u; o‘sha) so‘zidan kelib chiqqan.
1. Gap tinglovchiga ma’lum (aniq) bir shaxs yoki predmet haqida borsa, bu shaxs yoki predmet oldidan the ishlatiladi. Masalan: Give me the pencil.
Konteksdan yoki holatdan anglashilgan aniq narsa yoki shaxsga nisbatan:
Masalan: Please, close the window. (bunda oyna biz o‘tirgan aniq xonaning oynasi yoki gap ochiq deraza haqida ketyapti)
I shall speak to the teacher. (bunda men, meni o‘qitayotgan o‘qituvchimga gapiraman (aniq).)
Where is the key? (bunda kalit so‘rayotgan va eshitayotgan odamga ma’lum)
Yoki: Put your pen on the desk (bunda parta biz o‘tirgan xonaning partasi).
2. Dunyoda tanho (yakka) bo‘lgan predmetlarni bildirgan otlar oldidan:
Masalan: the sun, the moon, the sky, the universe, the ground, the earth, the world.
The earth goes round the sun
3. Bir predment butun bir guruh vakili sifatida olinganda.
Masalan: The Lion is the king of animals. The quail is a singing bird.
4. Daryo nomlari oldidan: the Volga, the Missisipi, the Nova, the Thomse, the Nil, the Amudarya the Sirdarya
5. Musiqa asboblari oldidan: the piano, the trumpet, the guitar, the violin, the flute(nay), the drum
6. Odatda kasalliklar sanalmaydigan ot hisoblanadi va ular artiklsiz ishlatiladi.
Pneuomonia-o’pka shamollashi, infuenza (flu)-grip, scarlet fever-qizilcha, cholera-vabo, diabetes-diabed, lumbago-bel og’rig’I, cancer-rak, diphtheria-difteriya, tuberculousis-sil kasalligi mumps-tepki, measles-qizamiq.
The doctor said he had pneimonia and told him to keep warm.
Lekin kasallik boshdan kechirilgan bo’lsa the ishlatiladi.; The family were sitting arround watching TV, recovering from the flu. Gripdan tuzalgan oila televizor ko’rib o’tirar edi.
Lekin kasalliklar xalq tili billan aytilganda ham sanaladigan ham sanalmaydigan bo’lishi mumkin; a headache, a toothache.
7. Dunyoning to’rt tomoni nomlari oldidan the ishlatiladi ko’pincha of bilan: the Midde East, the Far East, the West(of), The East(of)
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