The Present simple tense

a) On (upon) keyin, -da, after keyin, before –dan oldin, in –da, ichida, predloglari bilan payt holi bo’lib keladi.
On finding that the engine was working badly, the pilot was obliged to land.
After saying this he left the room.
b) for uchun, through tufayli, owing to sababli, predloglari bilan sabab holi bo’lib keladi.
Excuse me for being so late.
He caught cold through getting his feet wet
c) by bilan, vositasida predlogi bilan ravish holi bo’lib keladi.
He improved his article by changing the end.
d) besides –dan tashqari, instead of –ning o’rniga, without –siz, -masdan, apart from
–dan tashqari, kabi predloglar bilan to’siqsiz ergash gapda ishlatiladi.
Besides being clever he is very industrious.
e) for the purpose of, with the object of, with a view to maqsadda, uchun guruh predloglari bilan maqsadni ifodalaydi.
He gave these instructions with a view to speeding up the shipment of the goods.
Odatda maqsadni ifodalash uchun infinitive ishlatiladi.
f) without –siz, -masdan, in case of, in the event of holda, subject to shartda kabi predloglar bilan shartni ifodalaydi.
You will never speak good English without learning grammar.
Yuqoridagi predloglar bilan (without dan tashqari) gerund ko’pincha tijorat va yuridik hujjatlarda uchraydi.
4. against qarshi, for uchun, tarafdor, shuningdek, to be the point (of), to be far from iboralariga aloqador predloglar bilan gerund ot-kesim tarkibida keladi
The director is for extending the time of shipment.
The captain is against loading the goods on the deck.

12.Quyidagilardan so’ng gerund keladi: