Theoretical problems of studying space in language consciousness 10

conclusion
Interest in language units with spatial meaning has increased due to the use of cognitive analysis, the study of language conceptualization of the world, the language picture of the world with its national-specific features. Linguists began to study consistently spatial vocabulary and its individual concepts, which form the category of space.
The reflection of the national specifics of culture is most clearly manifested in the vocabulary, which is directly related to the objects and phenomena of material and spiritual culture, with the history of society, and serves not only the needs of language communication, but is also a kind of form of consolidation and transfer of social and cognitive experience. The vocabulary belongs to both the language and culture at the same time, that is, it simultaneously reflects the features of this language and the specifics of this culture.
The perception of space and the idea of it depend on the people's living environment, geographical reality in the human mind. The study of space has attracted the interest of linguists, both in foreign and domestic linguistics, for many years. And now this problem is relevant, as evidenced by a significant number of works that are devoted to the study of space in various aspects.
In this paper, special attention is paid to the study of Russian, English and Uzbek language worldviews, their national and cultural specifics, and the definition of features of perception and organization of space objectified by language units with spatial semantics in the compared languages. The category of space in languages of different systems involves identifying and describing a set of linguistic means.
The category of space in the compared languages is formulated by lexical means, word-forming means, syntactic means of objectification of space. Our analysis does not claim to be comprehensive, since the vastness of the issues does not allow for a comprehensive study within the framework of a single study. Spatial relations between various phenomena and processes of the world around us are expressed in language by means of variouslanguagelevels: lexical, morphological, and syntactic. The ratio of these levels varies from language to language. Each language, in accordance with the peculiarities of its grammatical structure, reveals a certain peculiarity in the expression of the semantics of space.
In addition to nouns with spatial semantics and adverbs, the expression of the considered types of situations involves numerous classes of verbs that are focused on transmitting the eventfulness and perception of the situation by the speaker. For example, verbs of action, perception, speech, movement, state, position in space and location, existential verbs:work-to work– ishlamok, study-to study –ykimok, serve-to serve-hizmat kilmok, sit-to sit –ytirmok, talk –to talk -haplashmok, go –to go –ketmok, to walk -to walk– sayr , -to be-joylashmok, to live – to live -yashamok, grow-to grow -,etc.
The specifics of the semantics of prepositions are manifested, first of all, in the peculiarities of the correlation of lexical and grammatical meanings. In prepositions, the lexical meaning is closely related to the grammatical one. The grammatical meaning of prepositions is understood as the general meaning of prepositions as a part of speech, namely, the meaning of relativity, that is, the ability to denote relations between objects and phenomena of real reality. Lexical meaning, although related to grammatical meaning, has its own national-specific nature of naming these relations.
Spaces that belong to the category of sets created by a set of elements that are united by some common property include spaces of the natural world, spaces of the social or socio-industrial world (for example, a factory, an institute), and spaces that are products of society or an individual (for example, language, art, science). Spaces can be divided into relation spaces and spaces that do not belong to this type. The latter, in turn, are divided into spaces that have geometric dimensions, and spaces that do not have these dimensions, for example, the space of feelings, ideas, the space of actions, events, situations, etc.Such a broad understanding of space has a significant creative power that can explain the spatial coordinates of thinking of a person speaking a given language. The results obtained complement the existing ideas in linguistics about the set of concepts that are necessary to describe the non-spatial semantics of the original spatial prepositions, verbs, adverbs, and nouns.
The problem of studying the category of space in languages of different systems was considered quite widely. At the same time, a number of specific issues related to this topic remain not fully understood and require further study.
Paying tribute to what has been done by scientists, we nevertheless believe that the problem of space in language and the science of language is unlikely to ever be exhausted, since human knowledge is of a cultural and historical nature. With the development of our ideas about what space is, the images of space that are included in both everyday and scientific language consciousness also change. An important role in this process is played by the ongoing integration of natural sciences and humanities, which contributes to the flow of new concepts from one branch of knowledge to another.