The priority of purpose (skopos theory)
86
With regard
to translation in particular, cf. Nida (1977).
Nida and Taber
(1969: 1) refer to a subfunction of the general statement made above when
they write:
Even the old question
Is this a correct translation? must be answered
in
terms of another question, namely,
For whom?
Cf. also Hirsch (1967: 43-44) with regard to the purpose of an interpretation.
That the purpose takes precedence in each translation is clarified and illus-
trated by practical examples and exercises in Hönig and Kußmaul (1982).
The Greek word
skopós means ‘purpose’, ‘aim’. For the time being, we
shall use the terms
purpose,
aim,
function and
skopos as synonyms. Cf. also,
with different terminology, Betti ([1955]1967: 335), Schenkein (1972: 354-
55); Kallmeyer and Schütze (1976: 12 and 25, note 11).
In this book, ‘function’ is used with two different meanings: (1) function =
purpose,
skopos (as above); (2) function (in the mathematical sense) = logic-
al interdependence of values. What is meant in each case will become clear
from the co(n)text.
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