У ч е н ы й X x I в е к а международный научный журнал
Download 1.63 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Статья в журнале учёные 21 века
Примкулова Садокат Шодмоновна – преподаватель немецкого языка, Самарканд-
ский государственный институт иностранных языков, Узбекистан. Педагогические науки 26 the game into boring and painful work, and very easy tasks, on the contrary, are per- ceived as entertainment. The game should be feasible, but at the same time contain some difficulties that require tension, attention, memory from the student. When conducting a didactic game, in order to achieve the maximum pedagogical, educational and training effect, it is necessary to “pass through” all its structural ele- ments: • Didactic task: formulated by the teacher and reflects his teaching activities. • Game task: carried out by children, • Game actions: the more diverse they are, the more interesting is the game for children, • Rules of the game: with their help, the teacher controls the game, the processes of cognitive activity, the behavior of children. • Summing up the game. When conducting didactic games, the teacher must comply with a number of re- quirements. • It is necessary to prepare the necessary equipment, make important notes. • Available to outline the plot, distribute roles. • Set a cognitive task for students. • All students must participate. A didactic game can be held at different stages of the lesson: at the beginning of the lesson, the goal of the game is to organize and interest children, stimulate their ac- tivity. In the middle of the lesson, the game should solve the problems of assimilation, generalization or repetition of educational material. At the end of the lesson, the game should be searchable and creative. The use of didactic games helps bring traditional learning closer to innovative, developing, creates a zone of proximal development for each student. At present, a large number of didactic games have been developed, all of them are aimed at developing certain skills and abilities, at consolidating the material cov- ered. Here are some examples of didactic games that you can use in class. 1. The game "Bottle" This game is indispensable for fixing grammatical material, for example, the de- gree of comparison of adjectives. On a table around which students stand, are a pile of cards. Each adjective is written in a positive degree. The host turns the bottle and asks: • Wer ist bei uns am schönsten? (if schön was written on the card) All students tell the person the bottle is pointing to: • Anja ist bei uns am schönsten. Anna takes the card with the adjective, turns the bottle and asks a question, changing the adjective from another card. You can also train the question: -Wann wurde ... gegründet? It is necessary to write on the cards the name of the city and the century of foun- dation. Can I train the question -Was nimmst du mit in the same game? in the topic "Preparing for the trip." The accusative case is practiced here (indefinite article): - Ich nehme ein / eine / einen ... you need to write clothing items on the cards. 2. The game "Chain" This game is also diverse in application. Particularly good “Chain” is suitable for learning words and training attention and memory. For example, in the 7th grade in the topic “City” you can train the question –Womit fährst du? The first student, Andrei, says: -Ich fahre mit dem Bus. Und du anja? Womit fährst du? - Ich fahre mit dem Auto. Andrej fährt mit dem Bus. Und du ...? etc. The last in the chain lists everyone who rides on what. 3. The game "Dominoes" The best option is if the students themselves make dominoes from cardboard. The principle of the game is to compare a picture with a word. You can compare the forms of the verb, for example, Infinitiv - Partizip II, Infinitiv - Präteritum. 4. The game "Magic Mirror". Toy animals are suitable for the mirror (one at a time). In a magic mirror several animals are reflected. Children need to be told who they see and how much: Ich sehe einen hund. Ученый XXI века • 2020 • № 3-3 (62) 27 Ich sehe zwei Hunden. 5. The game "I do not see." On the table are several toy animals. Children close their eyes, and one toy "runs away." Students need to answer which of the toys is missing, which of the animals re- mained: Ich sehe keine Katze. Ich sehe keinen buch. 6. The game "Otto says ...". Children stand next to the teacher (or any driver). The task of the guys is to fulfill the commands of the teacher (or the driver): Springt bitte! Turnt bitte! Lacht! Tanzt! etc. only if the words: “Otto sagt ...” are pronounced before the team. During the course of this game, one can use lexical material of various topics. Each of the games in this group contributes to the development of either one mental cognitive process, or devel- ops several of them. All the games presented have shown their effectiveness in practice. They are dis- tinguished by universality and adaptability, since in these games you can work out both lexical and grammatical material. It is these aspects that are problematic. Didactic games diversify the learning process, increase the cognitive activity of students, and arouse interest in learning the German language. Download 1.63 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling