У ч е н ы й X x I в е к а международный научный журнал

 
 
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A.Qodiriy “O`tkan kunlar” romani, “Navro`z” Toshkent – 2019-yil, 134-135-betlar) 

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Ученый XXI века • 2022 • № 3 (84)
71 
FEATURES OF FRENCH TRANSPORT TERMINOLOGY 
 
Sh.I. Sheraliyeva
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The term generation occurs under the influence of two conflicting trends: on the 
one hand, the influence of the usage, on the other hand, the activity of terminology 
normalization. A distinctive feature of the modern stage of term generation is the 
extremely close contact between the addresser and the addressee, the possibility of 
"feedback". Being formed on the basis of a common language, the terms must overcome 
the "threshold of terminology". When selecting terms in order to form term systems, 
specialists are guided by a number of criteria that a term must meet. Terminology 
normalization activities in France are led by a number of official bodies. This article 
discusses the features of french transport terminology. 
 
Key words: transport, atmospheric road, term, terminology. 
The most urgent problem in terminology is the problem of the origin and 
development of both individual terms and entire terminological systems. Almost all the 
achievements of scientific and technological progress are reflected in the languages of 
the world. This was manifested in the intensive appearance of terms that convey new 
concepts, phenomena and features both in long-standing branches of knowledge and in 
newly created areas of science and technology. “Only one English language for the 
period after the end of the Second World War was replenished with three million new 
words, and all of them are terms belonging to different fields of knowledge” [1]. 
A necessary precondition for streamlining the terminological system is the study 
of the history of the development of terminology and terminological means, since only 
it allows one to reveal the objective trends in the development of the terminological 
system, without which it is impossible to create useful and viable terminological 
materials [2]. The close connection of terms with science and technology determines 
their relationship, and in order to get a true picture of the formation of terms and their 
semantic structure, an interconnected study of terminology and the corresponding field 
of knowledge are necessary. 
As is known, the formation of any terminology is caused by at least two main 
prerequisites: extra linguistic, due, on the one hand, to the need for a linguistic 
expression of the complexity of the “terminated” concepts of the applied branch of 
knowledge and fields of activity, and on the other hand, “the need for detailing and 
complicating the concepts fundamental areas of science transferred to the soil of 
applied term systems; and linguistic, associated with a variety of conceptual relations 
transmitted by terminological combinations, as well as with the possibility of 
combining conceptually different components into phrases" [3]. 
A term, unlike any other word that performs a nominative or definitive function, 
not only names, but also logically precisely defines the concept, and therefore contains 
more information than other lexical units. Within the same branch of science, 
production, transport, the term has a specific and unique meaning, excluding any other 
interpretation. The term is included in the lexical system of the language through a 
specific terminological system [4, p. 92]. Mastering the terminological system in the 
process of teaching a foreign language at a university is, of course, an important 
condition for the formation of professional foreign language competence of a future 
specialist.
A railway term is a word or phrase that is the name of an object, a phenomenon 
related to the field of railway transport. Usually, word-terms express broader, generic 
concepts, and phrase-terms express narrower, specific concepts. The main way to 
translate terms is to use the existing Russian equivalent. If the equivalent of a term is 
not registered in dictionaries or it is not suitable in this case, the specialist can choose 
the appropriate word in his native language (methods for creating equivalents: 
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