Ubiquity of English Ingliz tilini o'rganish

Shekspirning tug'ilgan joyi Stratford-on-Avon 1769 yilda birinchi Stratford yubileyiga aylandi. Shekspirning uyidagi saytda yog'och amfiteatr qurildi va ikkita vagonlar havoga havoga ko'tarildi. Qo'shni qishloqlar va shaharlar mehmonlar bilan to'lib ketdi. Medallar mis, kumush yoki oltin bilan Shakespearning o'xshashligi bilan chop etilgan. Ertalabki soat 5.00 da zo'rg'a qo'ng'iroqlar, militsiya zalida nonushta, shov-shuvli so'zlar va sahnada Shekspirning pyesalari eshitildi. Bu uch kun davom etdi.

Every year, on April 23, representatives of all nations walk from the theatre to the poet's tomb in the church in Stratford-on-Avon.- Har yili 23 aprelda barcha xalqlar vakillari Stratford-on-Avondagi cherkovda teatrdan shoirning qabri tomon yurishadi

The national Welsh Eisteddfod is devoted to music, literature and the arts. It is a competitive festival and is held the first week of August. All the proceedings are in the Welsh language. Prizes are awarded for music and prose, for verse and drama, for painting and craftwork. Thousands of people attend.- Milliy Uels Eisteddfod musiqasi, adabiyoti va san'atiga bag'ishlangan. Bu raqobatlashayotgan festivaldir va avgust oyining birinchi haftasida o'tkaziladi. Barcha ishlar uzbek tilida. Mukofotlar musiqa va nashr uchun, oyat va drama, rasm va qo'l san'ati uchun beriladi. Minglab odamlar qatnashmoqda.

Eisteddfod is not only an important cultural (event but a great social gathering, where hundreds of old friends meet to renew their friendships. Many families come for the day and bring their picnic baskets with them. The audience remains at the Eisteddfod from 11.00 am. until 10:30 p.m. Many of the present day Welsh singing stars started their pareers at the Eisteddfod. Among the performers you can find children's choirs, women's choirs, mixed choirs and male choirs which attract thousands of people.

Christmas Day is celebrated on December 25. Many people look on Christmas as the time to celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ, but really the tradition goes back to the earliest of times.- Eisteddfod nafaqat muhim madaniyat (voqea, balki yuzlab eski do'stlar bilan do'stliklarini qayta tiklash uchun uchrashadigan katta ijtimoiy yig'in emas), ko'pchilik oilalar kun bo'yi kelib, o'zlarining yanada mustahkamlangan savatlarini keltiradilar, tomoshabinlar soat 11.00dan boshlab Eistholdfodda qoladilar. soat 10:30 gacha. Uesli qo'shiq yulduzlarining ko'pchiligi Eisteddfodda o'zlarining parvarishlarini boshladilar, ijrochilar orasida minglab odamlarni o'ziga tortadigan bolalar xorlari, xotin-qizlar xorlari, aralash xirslar va erkak xonalarni topasiz.

Rojdestvo kuni 25 dekabrda nishonlanadi. Ko'p odamlar Iso Masihni tug'ilishni nishonlash uchun Rojdestvoga qarashadi, lekin aslida an'ana qadimgi davrga to'g'ri keladi.

In those days the sun meant so much to primitive man that when it began to go lower each day till December 23, people thought the sun was going to die out and they were worried. They ate less keeping the food for the next year On December 23 the sun stayed in the sky longer and after that the nights
were becoming shorter and shorter. - O'sha paytlarda quyosh ibtidoiy odamga juda ko'p narsani aytdiki, u har kuni 23 dekabrga qadar pastga tusha boshlagach, odamlar quyoshni o'lishni o'ylashdi va ular tashvishlanishdi. Ular kelgusi yilgi ovqatni kamroq ushlab turishdi 23 dekabr kuni quyosh osmonda uzoqroq turdi, shundan so'ng tun qisqa va qisqaroq bo'ldi.

When this happened, the primitive man was very happy. He even felt he wanted to celebrate it. Later it became a tradition to celebrate it at the end of December with presents and plenty of eating. Now Christmas tree stands in everybody's living-room at Christmas. In the earliest of times green trees were symbols of life. Candles at Christmas also go back to those times. People believed then that their light helped them to forget the darkness of winter.- Bu sodir bo'lganida ibtidoiy odam juda baxtli edi. Hatto buni nishonlashni xohlaganligini his etdi. Keyinchalik u dekabr oyining oxirida sovg'alar va mo'l-ko'l ovqat bilan nishonlash an'anaga aylandi. Endi Rojdestvo daraxti hamma Rojdestvo xonasida yashashadi. Ko'pincha yashil daraxtlar hayotning ramzlari edi. Rojdestvo chiroqlari o'sha paytlarga qaytadi. Odamlar, ularning nurlari qish qorong'iligini unutishga yordam bergan deb hisoblashgan.

The first weekday after Christmas is a public holiday. In England it is called Boxing Day. In past times it was the traditional day to give presents to servants. This day is called Boxing Day because at one time the presents were put in boxes (Christmas boxes). Usually Boxing Day is December 26, but if Christmas Day falls on a Saturday, Boxing Day is on December 27. - Rojdestvo bayramidan keyingi birinchi hafta bayramdir. Angliyada u Boks kuni deb ataladi. O'tgan davrda xizmatchilarga sovg'alar berish an'anaga aylandi. Bu kun Boks kuni deb ataladi, chunki sovg'alar qutilarga (Rojdestvo qutilari) joylashtirilgan edi. Odatda boks kuni 26 dekabr, ammo agar Rojdestvo kuni shanba kuni tushib qolsa, boks kuni 27 dekabrda.

Not all Christmas traditions are old. The first Christmas card was made only in 1842 by an English painter who sent that card to one hundred of his friends. Christmas is a time for eating. The traditional food is turkey, Christmas cake, Christmas pudding made of fruit. Some families make pudding a year before they eat it. Believe it or not, in a year they eat the pudding with great pleasure.--- Barcha Rojdestvo an'analarining qadimiyligi yo'q. Birinchi Rojdestvo kartasi 1842 yilda ingliz rassomi tomonidan yuzlab do'stlariga yuborilgan. Rojdestvo ovqatlanish vaqti. An'anaviy oziq-ovqat turkey, Rojdestvo keki, meva pyuresi. Ba'zi bir oilalar uni ovqatdan oldin bir yil puding qiladi. Unga ishoning yoki bo'lmasin, bir yil ichida pudingni juda xursand qilasiz.


Famous people in Uzbekistan

Mirzo Ulugbek (1394-1449)

Mukhammad Taragay Ulugbek is considered to be one of the most prominent astronomers and mathematicians of the fifteenth century. Mirzo Ulugbek, Great Temur's grandson, made immeasurable contribution to the development of not only Medieval Mavorounnahr but also of the whole world. He made Samarkand famous as one of the leading cities of the Islam civilization. In 1424 Ulugbek built a madrasa, an institution of higher learning, where astronomy was taught. Later, namely in 1428, he began the construction of a magnificent three level observatory in Samarkand. The Observatory, which was circular in shape, was over 50 metres in diameter and 35 meters high. Among lid instruments specially constructed for the Observatory was a quadrant so large that part of Illij ground had to be removed to allow it to fit in the Observatory. i In 1437 Ulugbek, who was also Qori-person who can recite Qur'an by hiMlJ published his most famous and enduring work, a new catalogue of stars entitled "Zliftt. Djadid Sultani". In it he revisited the positions and magnitudes of stars observed by PtolontyU He found many errors in the computations by Ptolomy. Ulugbek's work included a divert collection of observations and computations, the position of the fixed stars, the course of iM stars, and the knowledge of time. Mirzo Ulugbek also computed the length of the year a» ,1|j days 5 hour 49 minutes 15 seconds. In addition, he prepared Tables of Planetary Motlw|j which were very popular and in demand throughout the astronomical community. Itj prominent astronomer studied the yearly movements of the five bright planets: Snliitt Jupiter, Mars, Venus and Mercury. His data are still considered to be very accurate. In he also compiled a star catalogue giving the positions of 992 stars. His compilation of lublH sine and tangents at one- degree intervals is accurate to eight decimal places. Bcmlill
Ulugbek is considered to compile the first new star map. – Mirzo Ulug'bek (1394-1449)

Muhammad Tarag'ay Ulug'bek XV asrning eng mashhur astronomlari va matematiklari sanaladi. Buyuk Temurning nabirasi Mirzo Ulug'bek nafaqat O'rta asr Mavorunnaxrlari, balki butun jahonning rivojlanishiga beqiyos hissa qo'shdi. Samarqandni islom tsivilizatsiyasining etakchi shaharlaridan biri sifatida mashhur qildi. 1424 yilda Ulug'bek astronomiya o'qituvchisi bo'lgan oliygohni tashkil qilgan madrasa qurdi. Keyinchalik, ya'ni 1428 yilda u Samarqandda uchta baland observatoriya qurishni boshladi. Rasm shaklida dairesel bo'lgan Gözlemevi 50 metrdan baland va 35 metr balandlikda. Observatoriya uchun maxsus qurilgan qopqoq asboblari orasida, Ilyuz yerining bir qismi Observatoriyaga mos kelishi uchun olib tashlanishi kerak bo'lgan kvadrant juda katta edi. i 1437 yilda hiMlJ tomonidan Qur'oni karimni o'qiy oladigan Qoriy-inson bo'lgan Ulug'bek o'zining "Zliftt. Djadid Sultani" nomli yangi yulduz katalogini yaratdi. Unda u PtolontyU tomonidan kuzatilgan yulduzlarning pozitsiyasini va kattaliklarini qayta ko'rib chiqdi. U Ptolomiya tomonidan hisob-kitoblarda juda ko'p xatolarni topdi. Ulug'bekning ishi kuzatuvlar va hisob-kitoblarni to'plash, qattiq yulduzlarning joylashuvi, iM yulduzlarning kursi va vaqt bilimlari edi. Mirzo Ulug'bek ham yil uzunligini hisoblab chiqdi », 1 | j kun 5 soat 49 minut 15 soniya. Bundan tashqari, u juda keng tarqalgan va astronomik jamoa talabida bo'lgan Planetary Motlw | j jadvallarini tayyorladi. Itjning taniqli astronomi besh yorqin sayyoralarning yil sayin harakatlarini o'rgangan: Snliitt Yupiter, Mars, Venera va Mercury. Uning ma'lumotlari hali juda aniq hisoblanadi. U shuningdek, yulduz katalogini 992 yulduzlar bilan birlashtirgan. Bir daraja oraliqda lubli sine va teginenlarni to'plash sakkizta kasrli joyga to'g'ri keladi. Bcmlill

Ulug'bek birinchi yangi yulduz xaritasini yaratadi.

Amir Temur is a famous statesman (1336-1405)

The name of Amir Timur is known not only in Central Asia (Turon) but all ovm world. He was a famous statesman, great military strategist and leader of the 1 people.He was born on the 9^th of April 1336 at Kesh, better known as Shahrisabz, "The city", situated some 50 miles south of Samarkand in modern Uzbekistan.

His father's name was Amir Taragay. He was an authoritative rich man, the hM|| the tribe of Barlas. His mother was a clever and noble woman and her name was Tegliwl Amir Timur was well educated as his family was rich. At the age of twelve Timur blj rule over the servants who serve in their house and he knew how to protect the properly father and how to oversee it. At the age of twenty he had not only become expend III outdoor exercises but had earned the reputation of being a talented reader of the Qur'Hft his father, he was a muslim and seems to have been influenced by Nakshbandi Sufism I was interested in military activities and state affairs. He spent much time in military training and getting a secular education. He came before the world as a military leaderIn1358. He spent his whole life fighting against oppression, against the battle between the Khans and Beks.

Timur took part in campaigns in Transoxania with the khan of Chigatay, a descendant of Chenghis Khan. For Timur's military talent and authority the Mongol Khan Tegluk appointed him the governor of Shahrisabz. So Timur came to power. And soon he conquered Khorosanattheheadofa thousand horseman and then all of the Mavoraunnahr, establishing a-strong centralized state uniting separate kingdoms into one strong government.

.Amir Timur ruled and governed the country according to the law , following Islam and the rules of Shariat. And he also demanded his people to follow the law strictly. As leader he was interested in the life of common people. Amir Timur wanted the historians to write about the real life of the people. The capital of Tamerlane's empire was Samarkand. He wanted it to be the city of unsurpassed beauty and so he did it. Amir Timur ruled the country over 35 years from 1370 to 1405. He died in February 1405 at the age of 69 and he was buried in Samarkand in Gur Emir mausoleum. In 1996 UNESCO decided to celebrate Amir Temur's 660 years anniversary. And there was a conference in Paris (France). I.A.Karimov delivered a speech at this conference. --- Amir Temur taniqli davlat arbobi (1336-1405)

Amir Temurning nomi nafaqat Markaziy Osiyoda (Turon), balki butun OVM dunyosida ham mashhur. U mashhur davlat arbobi, buyuk harbiy strategist va 1 kishining lideri edi. U 1336 yil 9-aprelda Samarqandning janubidan 50 km janubda joylashgan Shaxrisabz, "Shah" deb nomlanuvchi Kesh tumanida tug'ilgan.

Otasining ismi Amir Taragay edi. U obro'li, boy kishi edi, hM || Barlas qabilasi. Uning onasi aqlli va olijanob ayol edi va uning ismi Tegliv edi. Amir Temur oilasi boy bo'lgani uchun yaxshi ma'lumotga ega edi. 12 yoshida Timur Bleyk o'z uyida xizmat qilayotgan xizmatchilar ustidan hukmronlik qildi va u to'g'ri otani qanday himoya qilishni va uni nazorat qilishni bilar edi. Yigirma yoshida u nafaqat III ochiq mashqlarni bajaribgina qolmasdan, balki otasi Qur'onning iste'dodli o'quvchisi bo'lish sharafiga muyassar bo'ldi, u musulmon edi va Nakshbandiy so'fiyligining ta'siri ostiga tushib qolgan, men harbiylar bilan qiziqaman faoliyat va davlat ishlari. U harbiy tayyorgarlik va dunyoviy ta'lim olish uchun ko'p vaqt sarfladi. U dunyo oldida harbiy lideri sifatida kelgan. U butun hayotini zo'ravonlikka qarshi, Xanlar va Beks o'rtasidagi jangga qarshi o'tkazdi.

Timur Movarounnahrda Chengshonning avlodidan bo'lgan Chig'atoy xonining xoni bilan birga "Transoxaniyadagi" kampaniyalarda ishtirok etdi. Timurning harbiy iqtidori va hokimiyati uchun Mo'g'ul Xon Teglik uni Shaxrisabz hokimi etib tayinladi. Shunday qilib Timur hokimiyatga keldi. Ko'p o'tmay, u Xorosanatning mingta otliqni, so'ngra Mavorunnaxrni engib, kuchli davlatlarni birlashtiradigan kuchli markazlashgan davlatni qurdi.

Amir Temur Islomga va islomiyyatga rioya qilgan holda qonunga ko'ra mamlakatni boshqarib, boshqarardi. Shuningdek, u o'z xalqini qonunga rioya qilishlarini talab qildi. Lider sifatida u oddiy odamlarning hayotiga qiziqib qoldi. Amir Temur tarixchilar xalqning haqiqiy hayoti haqida yozishlarini xohlagan. Tamerlan imperiyasining poytaxti Samarqand edi. U bu go'zal go'zallik shahri bo'lishini xohlagan va shuning uchun u buni qilgan. Amir Temur mamlakatni 1370 yildan 1405 yilgacha boshqargan. 1405-yil fevralda 69 yoshida vafot etgan va Samarqandda Gur Amir maqbarasida dafn etilgan. 1996 yilda YuNESKO Amir Temurning 660 yillik yubileyini nishonlashga qaror qildi. Parijda (Frantsiya) konferentsiya bo'lib o'tdi. I.A.Karimov ushbu konferentsiyada nutq so'zladi.
Famous people in Great Britain - Buyuk Britaniyadagi taniqli insonlar

George Gordon Byron

The great English poet was born in London, on January 22, 1788 into an ol aristocratic family. His mother came of a rich Scottish family. His father was a poor arn| officer who very soon spent his wife's money and died when the boy was three years old..- Buyuk ingliz shoiri Londonda, 1788 yil 22 yanvarda ol aristokrat oilada tug'ilgan. Onasi boy Shotland oilasidan keldi. Uning otasi kambag'al edi. | tez orada xotini pulini o'tkazib, uch yoshida vafot etdi.

The boy was lame from birth, yet, thanks to his strong will and regular training, li became an excellent rider, a champion swimmer, and a boxer and took part in athletic exw cises. When the boy was sixteen he fell in love with Mary Ann Chaworth. But the girl did iw like Byron and later married another man. Byron could not so easily forget her.- Bola tug'ilgandan beri cho'loq edi, ammo uning kuchli irodasi va muntazam tayyorgarligi tufayli eng zo'r atlet, chempion cho'mich va bokschi bo'ldi va sport musobaqalarida qatnashdi. O'n olti yoshida u Meri Enn Chavortga muhabbat qo'zg'atdi. Ammo qiz Byron singari ish tutdi va keyinchalik boshqa odamga uylandi. Bayron uni osongina unuta olmadi.

At seventeen Byron entered Cambridge University and there his literary career begun In 1^D7, when who was a student, he published his first collection of poems. "Hours ii Idleness."- O'n yetti Bayron Kembrij universitetiga o'qishga kirdi va u erda adabiyotshunoslik boshlandi. 1-D7-da, kim bo'lgan bo'lsa, u birinchi she'riy to'plamini nashr etdi. "Ikki soat davom etadigan ishsizlik."

In 1808 Byron graduated from the University and the next year took his hereditary let in the House of Lords. In 1809 he left England on a long journey which took two years, II visited Portugal, Spain, Albania, Greece and Turkey. Byron described his travel in a loii| poem "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage," the first part of which was published in 1812. Byrm became one of the most popular men in London.- 1808 yilda Bayron universitetni tugatgan va kelasi yili uning merosini Lordlar majmuasiga topshirgan. 1809 yilda Angliyani ikki yil davom etgan uzoq safarga qoldirib, II, Portugaliya, Ispaniya, Albaniya, Gretsiya va Turkiyaga tashrif buyurdi. Bayron o'zining sayohatini bir lahzada tasvirlab berdi "Childe Harold's hajj" nomli she'ri, birinchi qismi 1812-yilda nashr etilgan. Bayron Londonda eng mashhur odamlardan biri bo'ldi.

Later the poet again raised his voice in defense of the oppressed workers. He did llj f his works. Between 1813 and 1816 Byron composed his "Oriental Tales." Proud independent, Byron rises against tyranny and injustice to gain his personal freedom happiness. His romantic poems were, in his way, a new mode* of thought and feeling called - Keyinchalik shoir yana zolim ishchilarni himoya qilish uchun ovozini ko'targan. U o'z asarlarini yaratdi. 1813-1816 yillar oralig'ida Bayron "Sharqona afsonalar" ni yaratdi. Bayron o'z shaxsiy erkinligi baxtiga erishish uchun zulm va adolatsizlikka qarshi ko'tariladi. Uning romantik she'rlari, uning yo'lida, yangi bir fikr va hissiyot degan edi
"Byronism".---- "Bayronizm".

In 1815 Byron married Miss Isabella Milbanke, and they had a daughter, whom Byron
loved very much. But he was not happy with his wife and soon they parted. His enemies
began to attack against the poet. He had to leave England. He wen,Mb Switzerland, There
Byron met Percy Bysshe Shelley and the two poets became friends. While in Switzerland,
Byron wrote the third part (canto) of "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage", the dramatic poem
."Manfred", and many lyrics.- 1815 yilda Bayron Miss Isabella Milbanke bilan turmush qurdi va ularning qizi Byron edi juda yoqdi. Ammo u xotini bilan xursand bo'lmadi va tez orada ajrashdi. Uning dushmanlari shoirga hujum qilishni boshladilar. U Angliyani tark etishi kerak edi. U Wen, Mb Shveytsariya, u erda Byron Percy Byshe Shelley bilan uchrashdi va ikki shoir do'st bo'ldi. Shveytsariyada Bayron "Childe Haroldning Xojaligi" ning uchinchi qismini (drama), dramatik she'rni yozdi: "Manfred" va ko'plab qo'shiqlar

In 1817 Byron went to Italy, where he lived until 1823. Italy was under the ruler of the Austrian at that time. In Italy Byron wrote many his best poems: the fourth part of "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage", "Don Juan" — a satire on that society, and "Cain". During the same period he wrote his satirical masterpieces "The Vision of Judgement" and "The Age of Bronze."--- 1817-yilda Bayron Italiyaga borib, u erda 1823 yilgacha yashagan. Italiya shu davrda Avstriyaning hukmdori bo'lgan. Byron Italiyada o'zining eng yaxshi she'rlarini yozgan: «Childe Haroldning hajjati» ning to'rtinchi qismi, «Don Xuan» - bu jamiyatdagi satira va «Qobil». Xuddi shu davrda "Sud qarori" va "Bronza asri" kabi satirik asarlarini yozadi.

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare, often considered the greatest writer of plays ever, was born in 1564 in the little town of Stratford-on-Avon, about 120 kilometers from London. He was the third of eight children.- Uilyam Shekspir, ko'pincha eng buyuk spektakllar yozuvchisi deb hisoblangan, 1564-yilda Londondan taxminan 120 kilometr uzoqlikdagi Stratford-on-Avon shahrida tug'ilgan. U sakkizta bolalarning uchdan biri edi.

When Shakespeare was 18, he married Anne Hathaway, a woman eight years older than himself. Three children were born to them. As a young man, Shakespeare went to London to work at the theatre. He worked there for several years before he began to write his own plays.- Shekspir 18 yoshida, u o'zidan sakkiz yosh katta bo'lgan Anne Xeteuayga turmushga chiqdi. Ularga uchta bola tug'ildi. Shakespir yoshligida teatrda ishlash uchun Londonga ketdi. U o'z pesalarini yozishni boshlagandan bir necha yil oldin u erda ishladi.

Shakespeare soon became a well-known writer in London. He was part of one of London's most popular acting groups. His plays were often performed and published. He was considered the most popular writer of his time. In 1599 he and some colleagues became the owners of their own theatre, the Globe Theatre.- Shakespir tezda Londonda taniqli yozuvchi bo'ldi. U Londonning eng mashhur aktyorlik guruhlaridan biri edi. Uning spektakllari ko'pincha ijro etilgan va nashr etilgan. U davrining eng mashhur yozuvchisi hisoblanadi. 1599 yilda u va ba'zi hamkasblari "Globe" teatrining o'z teatri egalariga aylanishdi.

Shakespeare wrote 37 plays that can be divided into three types: comedies, histories- Shekspir 37 ta spektaklni yozgan: ular komediyalar, tarixlar


Youth in Uzbekistan - O'zbekistonda yoshlar

It is very important to point that the President Islam Karimov to confirm Ilif significance and the role of the young generation in our country in April 1996 issued II* Decree about "The "Kamolot" Youth Fund of the Republic of Uzbekistan".But the I'unij «Kamolot» in its activity had a number of shortcomings both of organizational mi methodical characters. And the necessity for creation of the new organization of youth of out boys and girls for education in the best universities abroad — the USA, England, France, Japan and others is complicated. It is based on the principle: "only the best of the best". Representatives of such world-known organizations as ACCELS, the British Council, and the German DAAD participate in the selection