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ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ № 6(84). Часть 1. 2020. █ 90 █
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ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ № 6(84). Часть 1. 2020. █ 90 █
настоящее время как эксплицитный, имплицитный и дифференцированный. Наиболее важным условием для создания активного грамматического навыка является наличие достаточного количества лексического материала, на котором навык может быть сформирован. Грамматическое действие выполняется только в определенных словарных границах, на определенном словарном материале. Если студент может в соответствующей ситуации быстро и правильно самостоятельно сформулировать фразу, то он уже в некоторой степени обладает грамматическим умением. В статье также проанализирована проблема навыков, которая до сих пор спорная и требует дальнейшего исследования в методике и педагогике, как морфологические, морфолого-синтаксические и синтаксические. Ключевые слова: методические подходы, грамматические навыки, сознательная деятельность, коммуникативные методы. UDC 303.028 Grammar is an object of constant debate in the methodology. There are various approaches to solving the question of the role and place of grammar in teaching a foreign language. Grammar was the starting point and goal of learning with the grammar-translation method. Learning any language was carried out through grammar, usually built on the model and likeness of Latin. Grammar was studied as a special subject and an end in itself. On the one hand, a more objective approach to assessing the meaning and place of grammar in teaching a foreign language has now been outlined: now it is not a goal, but one of the important means of teaching a foreign language. On the other hand, students most of all do not like to study grammar in the lessons of a foreign language. Objectively, there is such a situation that a person always speaks according to the rules, that is, in accordance with certain laws of the language, which are objectified in the rules. Speakers do not always recognize these rules: literate and illiterate speak the same way by the rules, although with varying degrees of literacy. According to L.V. Shcherba, one cannot convey thought with the help of a set of lexical units, since they only name an object or phenomenon. [5, p. 26]. Grammar organizes vocabulary; it permeates the entire language. This is the skeleton on which all words, speech utterances, texts are held. With the help of grammatical structures, it becomes possible to convey the subtle nuances of thought. Grammar is a circulatory system that nourishes a living tongue; the foundation on which a building called "Foreign Language" is being erected. The importance of studying the grammar of a foreign language lies in the fact that it helps us better understand the grammatical structure of our native language, the development of logical thinking, observation, the ability to analyze and communicate, that is, in the process of studying it, developing, educational and educational goals of learning are realized. Grammar "is not an end in itself, it is one of the most important means of mastering the language, an integral component of all types of speech activity." The first to draw this conclusion was A.A. Lyubarskaya, who wrote back in 1934: “At no stage of secondary school is the study of grammar considered an end in itself. However, everywhere her knowledge is the same essential foundation, without which it is unthinkable to understand the text, to have a lively conversational speech. She should be given the proper place in the processing of oral speech, reading and writing” [4, p. 145]. The word grammar is ambiguous. On the one hand, the word grammar is used in the meaning of “grammatical structure”, that is, the structure of the word and sentence inherent in this language, which the native speaker speaks intuitively and which he comprehends and realizes in the process of schooling. On the other hand, grammar is a theory of a given language, a section of linguistics, a generalization of our knowledge about the structure of a language. In the process of working with grammatical material, students gradually accumulate language knowledge and grammar skills begin to form. The main objective of the training is for students to master a certain range of skills before automatism. Skill is generally understood as an automated link in conscious activity. Automation of actions is the main attribute of a skill [3, p. 27]. The purpose of consolidating grammatical knowledge is the development of appropriate skills, which through subsequent automation pass into skills [1, p. 9]. Grammar skill is the ability of the speaker to choose a model that is adequate to the speech task, and design it according to the norms of the given language (all this is instantaneous). The problem of skills in methodology and pedagogy is still controversial and requires further research. So, I.L. Bim, considering the problem of learning the grammatical side of speech, does not speak about the formation of grammatical skills, but about actions for the grammatical design of |
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