Заидов Ислам Ибрагимжонович

УДК 338: 349.422


Заидов Ислам Ибрагимжонович
Докторант Наманганского государственного университета


Zaidov Islam Ibragimjonovich
Doctoral student of Namangan State University


ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ РЫНКА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ НА ОСНОВЕ КОНКУРЕНТНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ


FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS BASED ON COMPETITIVE RELATIONS


Аннотация. В данной диссертации исследуются конкурентные отношения и факторы, влияющие на них, на рынке сельскохозяйственной продукции. Анализируется роль и значение конкуренции на рынке. Раскрыты конкурентные отношения на рынке сельскохозяйственной продукции и аспекты, влияющие на его эффективность.
Ключевые слова. Конкуренция, конкурентные отношения, сельское хозяйство, рынок сельскохозяйственной продукции, производство, промышленность.


Abstract. In this thesis, competitive relations and factors affecting them are studied in the market of agricultural products. The role and importance of competition in the market is analyzed. Competitive relations in the market of agricultural products and aspects influencing its effectiveness are revealed.
Keywords. Competition, competitive relations, agriculture, market of agricultural products, production, industry.

State regulation of competition in the market of agricultural products is carried out in order to increase the profitability of producers. The main tasks in this regard[1]:

• increase the share of agricultural products in the national market;
• creation of conditions for mitigating seasonal fluctuation of prices and increasing export of agricultural products;
• development of infrastructure for distribution of agricultural products in the national market.
In our opinion, one of the important factors influencing the formation of competition in the market of agricultural products is the fact that this market is viewed as a priority direction from the point of view of the state. For example, such areas as the country's food security and the standard of living of the population are closely related to the market of agricultural products. And this forces to consider the market of agricultural products not only in terms of economic efficiency, but also political, demographic and socio-economic goals.
At the same time, the trends related to the profitability of agricultural production and reproduction will be aimed at increasing the level of competitiveness of the manufactured products. On the one hand, competition is an effective mechanism for natural regulation of the market economy and selection of the most financially stable enterprises that can operate in market conditions. On the other hand, it activates the economic struggle of economic entities producing high profits and producing homogeneous products.
The wide spread of agricultural production in terms of space and the concentration of the main consumers of the product in cities create unparalleled opportunities for competition. However, the presence of a market that is inaccessible to a distant manufacturer creates an objective need for an intermediary and requires additional costs. Therefore, competitive advantages are obtained in regions located closer to markets, as well as in regions with well-developed market infrastructure. These are advantages that are not closely related to the activity of the manufacturer. Nevertheless, the development of the market infrastructure has such a strong effect that objective weaknesses turn into competitive advantages.
It is known that the market of agricultural products is divided into two independent segments. The first is agricultural products that enter the processing industry and trade, and the second is the final consumer market, represented by wholesale and retail trade of agricultural products. In the first case, the market structure will be more competitive if individual producers and their associations do not affect their seasonal prices. In this regard, there are a number of factors that contribute to ensuring competitiveness in the market of agricultural products:
• level of concentration of production;
• the presence of demand, which leads to an increase in the struggle for competition;
• high level of fixed costs in the form of capital in the industry;
• high standardization of industrial products;
• equal use by farms of the achievements of scientific and technical development within the region possibilities;
• diversity of competitors (substitute goods) in other regions, which creates an element of uncertainty;
• the high importance of the market of agricultural products for society[1].
All of the above does not allow the production of agricultural products to decrease and requires constant improvement of competitive relations.
The improvement of competitive relations in the market of agricultural products is directly connected with the law of demand. Because, if the price of agricultural products increases, buyers will continue to buy minimum quantities until they find substitute products. The factors that determine the demand for agricultural products are practically the same as the factors that determine the demand for other goods. However, their importance and level of priority is unique. The main factor can be the price of the product, and then the monetary income of the buyer. At the same time, individual demand is characterized by individual income, and aggregate demand is characterized by total income [5].
Researching the formation and development of the market for agricultural products based on competitive relations allows us to put forward a number of fundamental rules, including:
• the main suppliers in the market of agricultural products are local producers;
• the import of agricultural products and developed trade relations between the countries of the world is a natural phenomenon;
• measures of state regulation of the market of agricultural products should be based on rational coordination with competition tools.