Zamon shakllari

bring about
Sabab bo’lmoq, keltirib chiqarmoq The changes in the earth’s atmosphere have brought about many changes in the weather. – Yer atmosferasidagi o’zgarishlar ob-havoda ko’plab o’zgarishlarga sabab bo’ldi/o’zgarishlarni keltirib chiqardi.
bring out	Yangi kitob, qo’shiq va hokazolarni (nashrdan) chiqarmoq The author has just brought out a new mystery novel. – Muallif yaqindagina yangi sirli roman kitobini nashrdan chiqardi.
bring sb round	1) kimnidir xushiga keltirmoq They used some cold water to bring the patient round. – Ular bemorni xushiga keltirish uchun sovuq suvdan foydalanishdi. 2) kimnidir o’z fikriga qo’shilishga ko’ndirmoq/o’zi kabi o’ylashga ko’ndirmoq At first they refused but I managed to bring them round (to my way of thinking). – Dastlab ular bosh tortishdi, lekin men ularni o’z fikrimga qo’shilishga ko’ndirdim.
bring up	1) bola tarbiyalamoq/o’stirmoq It’s very difficult to bring up children nowadays. – Bugungi kunda bola tarbiyalash juda qiyin. 2) yangi masala/muammoni ko’tarib chiqmoq The manager brought up the subject of redundancy. – Menejer ish o’rinlarining qisqarishi masalasini ko’tardi.

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Unit 3 Future Forms
3 mavzu: Kelasi zamon shakllari

Kelajakda sodir bo’ladigan ish-harakatlarni the future simple, be going to, the present continuous, the present simple, the future continuous, the future perfect va the future perfect continuous orqali ifodalash mumkin.

Future Simple – Kelasi oddiy zamon

Susan will post the letters tomorrow morning.
Syuzn xatlarni ertaga ertalab jo’natadi.

He’ll come tomorrow. U ertaga keladi.
Will Susan post the letters tomorrow morning?
Syuzn xatlarni ertaga ertalab jo’natadimi?

Will he come tomorrow? U ertaga keladimi?
Susan will not post the letters tomorrow morning.
Syuzn xatlarni ertaga ertalab jo’natmaydi.

He won’t come tomorrow. U ertaga kelmaydi.

Ishlatilishi


1. Kelajak haqida tahmin (bashorat) qilganda. Bunday gaplarda odatda think (…degan fikrda bo’lmoq, …deb o’ylamoq), believe (ishonmoq, …degan fikrda bo’lmoq, …deb o’ylamoq), expect (biror narsa sodir bo’lishini kutmoq, umid qilmoq), etc. fe’llari, be sure (ishonchi komil bo’lmoq), be afraid (qo’rqmoq), etc. iboralari, perhaps (ehtimol, balki), certainly (aniq, albatta), probably (ehtimol, balki), etc. ravishlaridan foydalanamiz.

His parents think he will become an artist one day. – Uning ota-onasi o’ylaydiki, u bir kun kelib rassom bo’ladi.

2. Joyida (oldindan rajalashtirmasdan, o’sha paytning o’zida) qabul qilingan qarorlar va takliflarga nisbatan. Bunda taklif deganda, kimgadir o’z yordamimizni yoki nimadir qilishni o’zimiz xohlab (chin dildan) taklif qilish tushuniladi.


I’ll take this jacket. – Shu jaketni olaman. (do’konda bir nechta jaketlarni ko’rdim va shunisi yoqdi, shuning uchun joyida qaror qildim) – jayida qabul qilingan qaror.


Since it’s your birthday, I’ll pay for lunch. – Sening tug’ilgan kuning bo’lganligi uchun tushlikka men to’layman. (mendan hech kim tushlik uchun to’lashni so’ramadi, balki tushlikka to’lashni o’zim chin dildan taklif qilyapman)

3. Kelajakda aniq (100%) sodir bo’ladigan va biz nazorat qila olmaydigan (bizning qo’limizda bo’lmagan, bizga aloqasi yo’q) ish-harakatlar/voqea-hodisalar/holatlarga nisbatan.

Jill will be two years old next month. – Jill kelasi oy ikki yosh bo’ladi. (kelasi oy uning ikki yosh bo’lishi aniq va biz hech qanaqasiga bu holatga ta’sir o’tkaza olmaymiz, ya’ni bu bizning qo’limizdagi ish emas)

4. Va’da (odatda promise (va’da bermoq), swear (ont ichmoq), guarantee (kafolat bermoq), etc. fe’llari bilan), tahdid, ogohlantirish, iltimos, umidni (odatda I hope (Umid qilamanki…) iborasi bilan) ifodalash uchun.


I hope pollution levels will drop soon. – Umid qilamanki, ifloslanish darajasi tez orada kamayadi. (umid)

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Factories must stop polluting the air or else we won’t be able to breathe. – Zavodlar havoni ifloslantirishni to’xtatishlari shart, aks holda nafas ololmay qolamiz. (ogohlantirish)

Be going to

Darak gap (Affirmative)	So’roq gap (Interrogative)	Inkor gap (Negative)
𝒂𝒎 𝑺+ 𝒊𝒔 +𝒈𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒐𝑽𝟏 𝒂𝒓𝒆	𝑨𝒎 𝑰𝒔 +𝑺+𝒈𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒐𝑽𝟏? 𝑨𝒓𝒆	𝒂𝒎 𝑺+ 𝒊𝒔 +𝒏𝒐𝒕+𝒈𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒐𝑽𝟏 𝒂𝒓𝒆

He’s going to visit Tashkent next week. – U kelasi hafta Toshkentga bormoqchi.
Is he going to Tashkent next week? – U kelasi hafta Toshkentga bormoqchimi?
He is not going to Tashkent next week. – U kelasi hafta Toshkentga bormoqchi emas.