Zamon shakllari

since …dan beri
I had had my car since 2015 when I sold it in 2018. – Men mashinamni 2018-yilda sotganimda u menda 2015-yildan beri bor edi.
just endigina, hozirgina	He had just finished the university when he got a job in a big company. – U bitta katta kompaniyaga ishga kirganida endigina universitetni tamomlagan edi.
till/until …gacha/…maguncha	They didn’t start the meeting until/till the delegation had arrived. – Delegatsiya yetib kelmagunicha ular majlisni boshlashmadi.
when …gan paytda	When the children had finished their meal, they went out to play in the garden. – Bolalar ovqatlarini yeb bo’lishganida bog’da o’ynagani ko’chaga chiqishdi.
by …gacha	The school in the country had closed by March last year. – O’tgan yili mamlakatdagi maktablar mart oyigacha yopilib bo’lgan edi.
by the time …gan paytgacha	She had entered a number of foreign universities by the time she finished the school. – Maktabni bitirgunicha u bir nechta xorijiy universitetlarga kirib bo’lgan edi.
never hech qachon	I had never been to abroad before I went to Canada last year. – O’tgan yili Kanadaga borishimdan oldin hech qachon chet elda bo’lmagan edim.

Past Perfect Continuous – O’tgan tugallangan davomli zamon

They had (they’d) been sunbathing for an hour when it
Had they been sunbathing for an hour when it started to rain?
They had not (hadn’t) been sunbathing for an hour when it

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started to rain. – Yomg’ir yog’ishni boshlaganida ular bir soatdan beri quyoshda toblanishayotgan edi.
– Yomg’ir yog’ishni boshlaganida ular bir soatdan beri quyoshda toblanishayotgan edimi?
started to rain. – Yomg’ir yog’ishni boshlaganida ular bir soatdan beri quyoshda toblanishmayotgan edi.

Qisqa javoblar (Short answers)

Yes,+personal pronoun+had.

No,+personal pronoun+hadn’t.

Had you been sleeping for long when I called you last night? Yes, I had./No, I hadn’t. – Kecha senga qo’ng’iroq qilganimda anchadan beri uxlayotganmiding? Ha./Yo’q.

Ishlatilishi


1. O’tgan zamonda biror bir ish-harakatdan oldin yoki biror bir paytdan oldin sodir bo’lib tugagan ish-harakatlarning davomiyligiga, ya’ni qancha payt davom etganligiga urg’u berganda. Bunday gaplarda odatda since/for so’zlaridan foydalanamiz.

They had been skating together for five years before they entered the competition. – Musobaqaga qatnashishdan oldin ular 5 yildan beri birga konki uchishayotgan edi. (aynan besh yil birga konki uchishganligi muhim.)

2. O’tgan zamonda ma’lum bir muddat davom etgan va natijasi ham o’tgan zamonda ko’rinib turgan ish-harakatlarga nisbatan.


She had been working hard that day, so she was tired. – U o’sha kuni qattiq ishladi, shuning uchun u charchagan edi. (u o’sha kunni qattiq ishlab o’tkazgan va natijasi ham ma’lum edi-u charchagan edi.)


It had been raining all night, so everywhere was wet in the morning. – Kechasi bilan yomg’ir yo’gib chiqqan edi, shuning uchun ertalab hamma joy ho’l edi. (kechasi soat 2 da yomg’ir yog’ishni boshlagan va soat 4 gacha ikki soat davomida yog’gan. Ertalab esa, natijasi ko’rinib turgan edi.)