Zbek va ingliz tilidagi sifatdoshlarning strukturaviy funksional xususiyatlari
Participle shakli yordamida yasaladi: having been written
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o-zbek-va-ingliz-tilidagi-sifatdoshlarning-strukturaviyfunksional-xususiyatlari
Participle shakli yordamida yasaladi: having been written. Present Participle Active kesimadagi ish-harakat bilan bir paytda sodir bo’lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Kesim hozirgi zamonda bo’lsa, sifatdosh hozirgi zamondagi ish-harakatni, kesim o’tgan zamonda bo’lsa, sifatdosh o’tgan zamondagi ish- harakatni, kesim kelasi zamonda bo’lsa, sifatdosh kelasi zamondagi ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. She is looking at the woman sitting at the window. U deraza yonida o’tirgan ayolga qarayapti. "Oriental Art and Culture" Scientific-Methodical Journal - Issue 6 / 2021 ISSN 2181-063X 156 http://oac.dsmi-qf.uz When I entered the room, I gave the letter to the woman sitting in the window. Xonaga kirganimda men xatni deraza yonida o’tirgan ayolga berdim. When you enter the room, you will give the letter to the woman sitting in the window. Xonaga kirganingizda, siz xatni deraza yonida o’tirgan ayolga berasiz. Present Participle Active otga aniqlovchi bo’lib keladi: The rising sun was hidden by the clouds. Chiqayotgan quyoshni bulutlar yashirdi. Present Participle Active hol bo’lib keladi: Arriving at the station I called a porter. Stansiyaga yetib kelib men hammol chaqirdim. Perfect Participle Active hol bo’lib keladi va gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo’lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Perfect Participle Active sifatdoshli iboralarda kelib sabab holi bo’lib keladi: Having lived in London for many years he knew that city very well. Londonda ko’p yillar yashaganligi sababli, u bu shaharni juda yaxshi bilardi. Present va Past Participle fe’llik xususiyatlarini butunlay yo’qotib, ma’nosi sifatga juda yaqinlashib qolganda aniqlovchi bo’lib, otning oldidan keladi: A broken cup lay on the table. Singan piyola stol ustida yotardi. Present va Past Participleda sifatlik xususiyati bo’lmay, faqat fe’llik xususiyatiga ega bo’lsa, ular aniqlovchi bo’lib otdan keyin keladi va bu sifatdoshlarni aniqlovchi ergash gap bilan almashtirsa bo’ladi: They showed us a list of the goods sold. Ular bizga sotilgan mollarning ro’yxatini ko’rsatishdi. Xulosa qiladigan bo’lsak, ingliz tilida shaxssiz formalar uchta: infinitiv, sifatdosh va gerundiy. O’zbek tilida ham fe’lning uchta shaxssiz formasi bor: harakat nomi, sifatdosh va ravishdosh. Ikkala tildagi shaxssiz formalarning soni bir-biriga teng bo’lsa ham, ularning ma’nolarida va sintaktik funksiyalarida katta farq bor. Masalan, ingliz tili gerundiysining ma’no va funksiyasi o’zbek tilidagi infinitiv, sifatdosh va ravishdosh orqali ifodalanadi. O’zbek ravishdoshining ma’no va funksiyalari esa ingliz tili sifatdoshi va gerundiysi orqali beriladi. Shu narsani ta’kidlash kerakki, o’zbek tilida gerundiy, ingliz tilida ravishdosh yo’q. Download 1.2 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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