1. linguistic typology

2. THE MAJOR FACTORS FOSTERING DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY
The science of linguistic comparison was developing quite slowly and a number of factors played an important role to foster that process.
I. The first factor is typological imitation. It is the use of certain methods or mod­els of one language while describing the system of another language. For example the first Latin grammar "De Lingua Latina" (117-27 BC) by Varron" was compiled with the use of the ancient Greek language grammars compiled by Greek philoso­phers. Varron distinguished six cases (5 in Latin), article and seven parts of speech.
The first English Grammars were later compiled on the model of "De Lingua Latina" where Latin served a meta or etalon language .
Also while studying certain categories of one language scholars very often use the models of more researched languages, e.g. the ancient Indian models of com­pound words are used to describe many European languages (dvandva, tat purusu, dvigu, etc.).
2. The second factor is the appearance of scientific comparative works. Language comparison started with comparison of two languages. Later there appeared multi language comparisons based on substantial similarity i.e. mainly genetically related languages or groups of languages were compared. The next stage was comparison of genetically non-related languages. Structural similarity is related to identity of structure and types of languages in the principles of their organization. Some lan­guages have both genetic and structural identity. Usually these are genetically re­lated languages.
Currently the most elaborated part of linguistic comparison is grammatical typol­ogy. Its component – morphological typology is based on the study of morphemic structure typical for certain languages. A more systemic comparison starts with the Port Royal Grammar where French, Latin, Greek and ancient Jewish/Ides languages were analyzed. The latter did not have material identity with the rest three languages. The Port Royal Grammar was extremely popular and gave an impetus to rapid development of comparative studies.