1. linguistic typology

3. The third factor of development of comparative language studies is the study of unknown languages or the ones with no letter. There is an enormous bulk of research done on the material of folks and tribes of Latin America, Asia, Africa, Australia, Oceania. The process of study of these languages started with defining the level of their relationship to other, known languages and with the comparison of their systems with the Indo-European languages.
4. The fourth factor is the influence of the translation and translation science. Any process of translation deals with a kind of comparison of the language of origin and the language of translation. A translator needs to deal with comparison of the style, grammatical structure, etc.
5. The fifth factor is the influence of lexicography. The appearance of dictionar­ies was bound with applied need to transform and compare languages and national cultures. While compiling bi or multi lingual dictionaries a lexicographer conducts comparison of all levels of linguistic hierarchy: phonetic units, grammatical struc­ture, lexical units, word formation, punctuation, etc.
6. The sixth factor is practical and theoretical study and teaching of foreign languages. While studying/ teaching a foreign language a learner/teacher very often goes for comparison of the units of his/her native language with the system of a foreign one.
LECTURE-3.MAJOR PARAMETERS IDENTIFYING THE BRANCHES OF LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY
PLAN
I. SYSTEM/STRUCTURAL IDENTITY
II. GENETIC IDENTITY

3. 
   QUANTITATIVE LIMITATION/NON-LIMITATION
   
4. 
   AREAL LIMITATION
   

V. ETIC/EMIC IDENTITY
VI. DEEP AND SURFACE IDENTITY
VII. ONE LEVEL APPROACH TO COMPARISON
VIII. CROSS-LEVEL APPROACH TO COMPARISON