60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
Tour 6.2
Grades 7 − 8 6.2.7-8.1. See Problem 2.1.1. 6.2.7-8.2. Points A, B, C are vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in a circle. Point D lies on the shorter arc, ˘ AB (not ˘ ACB); see Fig. 4. Prove that AD + BD = DC. Figure 4. (Probl. 6.2.7-8.2) 6.2.7-8.3. How does one tile a plane, without gaps or overlappings, with the tiles equal to a given irregular quadrilateral? 6.2.7-8.4. How many pairs of integers x, y are there between 1 and 1000 such that x 2 + y 2 is divisible by 49? Grades 9 − 10 6.2.9-10.1*. Given an infinite cone. The measure of its unfolding’s angle is equal to α. A curve on the cone is represented on any unfolding by the union of line segments. Find the number of the curve’s self-intersections. 6.2.9-10.2. Which is greater: 300! or 100 300 ? 28 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 6.2.9-10.3. The center of the circle circumscribing 4ABC is mirrored through each side of the triangle and three points are obtained: O 1 , O 2 , O 3 . Reconstruct 4ABC from O 1 , O 2 , O 3 if everything else is erased. 6.2.9-10.4. Let a 1 , . . . , a n be positive numbers. Prove the inequality: a 1 a 2 + a 2 a 3 + a 3 a 4 + · · · + a n−1 a n + a n a 1 ≥ n. 6.2.9-10.5. How many positive integers x less than 10 000 are there such that 2 x − x 2 is divisible by 7 ? Olympiad 7 (1941) Tour 7.1 Grades 7 − 8 7.1.7-8.1. Construct a triangle given its height and median — both from the same vertex — and the radius of the circumscribed circle. 7.1.7-8.2. Find the number 523abc divisible by 7, 8 and 9. 7.1.7-8.3. Given a quadrilateral, the midpoints A, B, C, D of its consecutive sides, and the midpoints of its diagonals, P and Q. Prove that 4BCP = 4ADQ. 7.1.7-8.4. A point P lies outside a circle. Consider all possible lines drawn through P so that they intersect the circle. Find the locus of the midpoints of the chords — segments the circle intercepts on these lines. 7.1.7-8.5. Prove that 1 plus the product of any four consecutive integers is a perfect square. Grades 9 − 10 7.1.9-10.1. See Problem 7.1.7-8.2. 7.1.9-10.2. On the sides of a parallelogram, squares are constructed outwards. Prove that the centers of these squares are vertices of a square. 7.1.9-10.3. A polynomial P (x) with integer coefficients takes odd values at x = 0 and x = 1. Prove that P (x) has no integer roots. 7.1.9-10.4. Given points M and N , the bases of heights AM and BN of 4ABC and the line to which the side AB belongs. Construct 4ABC. 7.1.9-10.5. Solve the equation: |x + 1| − |x| + 3|x − 1| − 2|x − 2| = x + 2. 7.1.9-10.6. How many roots does equation sin x = x 100 have? Tour 7.2 Grades 7 − 8 7.2.7-8.1. Prove that it is impossible to divide a rectangle into five squares of distinct sizes. (Cf. Problem 7.2.9-10.1.) 7.2.7-8.2*. Given 4ABC, divide it into the minimal number of parts so that after being flipped over these parts can constitute the same 4ABC. 7.2.7-8.3. Consider 4ABC and a point M inside it. We move M parallel to BC until M meets CA, then parallel to AB until it meets BC, then parallel to CA, and so on. Prove that M traverses a self-intersecting closed broken line and find the number of its straight segments. 7.2.7-8.4. Find an integer a for which (x − a)(x − 10) + 1 factors in the product (x + b)(x + c) with integers b and c. 7.2.7-8.5. Prove that the remainder after division of the square of any prime p > 3 by 12 is equal to 1. 7.2.7-8.6. Given three points H 1 , H 2 , H 3 on a plane. The points are the reflections of the intersection point of the heights of the triangle 4ABC through its sides. Construct 4ABC. Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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