60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
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0 n−1 and denote the intersection point of lines Aa 1 and A 0 a 0 1 by X 1 ; of lines Aa 2 and A 0 a 0 2 by X 2 , and so on. Prove that points X 1 , X 2 , . . . , X n−2 are vertices of a convex polygon. 35.1.8.3. A pawn got a tip that out of 1000 coins the robber brought him, 0, 1 or 2 are counterfeit. It is known that all counterfeit coins are of the same weight different from the weight of genuine coins. Is it possible to determine (a) whether there are counterfeit coins in this set and (b) whether their weight is greater or less than the weight of genuine coins by weighing groups of coins three times on a balance without using weights? (It is not necessary to determine how many counterfeit coins are there.) 35.1.8.4. Given a set of positive integers with the sum of any seven of them less than 15 and the sum of all the numbers in the set equal to 100, determine the least possible number of elements in this set. 35.1.8.5. Let AD and BE be medians in triangle 4ABC; let each of the angles ∠CAD and ∠CBE be equal to 30 ◦ . Prove that triangle 4ABC is an equilateral one. Grade 9 35.1.9.1. Angle ∠C in triangle ABC is obtuse. Points E and H are marked on side AB and points K and M on sides AC and BC, respectively. It turns out that AH = AC, EB = BC, AE = AK, BH = BM . Prove that points E, H, K, M lie on the same circle. 104 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 35.1.9.2. There are numbers in all squares of an n×n chessboard: number a km stands in the intersection of the k-th row with the m-th column. Suppose that for any arrangement of n rooks on this chessboard such that none can be jumped by another, the sum of the numbers covered by the rooks is equal to 1972. Prove that there exist two sets of numbers x 1 , x 2 , . . . , x n and y 1 , y 2 , . . . , y n that for every k and m satisfy the equation: a km = x k + y m ; cf. Problem 18.1.9.1. 35.1.9.3. The distance between any two trees in a forest is not greater than the difference between their heights. None of the trees is higher than 100 m. Prove that it is possible to fence the forest with a fence 200 m long. 35.1.9.4*. Positive integers m and n are relatively prime and n < m. Which number is greater: h 1 · m n i + h 2 · m n i + · · · + h n · m n i or h 1 · n m i + h 2 · n m i + · · · + h m · n m i ? 35.1.9.5. In town X, ten infinite parallel avenues cross perpendicular streets at equal intervals. Two cops moving along the avenues and streets try to find a robber who, according to the Rule, can not shelter in a house and is hiding behind the houses. If the robber turns up on an avenue or street with a cop, he is found. The robber’s speed is not more than 10 times that of a cop and an informer tipped the cops that the distance between them and the robber at the beginning of the chase was not greater than 100 blocks. Prove that the cops can find the robber. Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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