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2020 УМУМИЙ МАЖМУА

образли ассоциатив алоқаларни ташкил этиш, ёдда тутиш 
машқлари; ҳаёлан аниқ бир вазият ва кайфиятга мурожат этиш; 
хотирадагилар ёлғон хабар орқали йўқолиб кетмасдан олдин 
қайта хикоя қилиш; ахборотлар аралашиб кетишига йўл 
қўймаслик; ўзи-ўзини назорат қилиш ва такрорлашдир.

11: What is the controversy related to claims of repressed and 
recovered memories? 

There are two tragedies related to adult recollections of child 
abuse. One is trauma survivors being disbelieved when telling their secret. 
The other is innocent people being falsely accused. What, then, shall we 
say about clinicians who have guided people in "recovering" memories of 
childhood abuse? Are they triggering false memories that damage inno-
cent adults? Or are they uncovering the truth? 

In one American survey, the average therapist estimated that 11 
percent of the population—some 34 million people—have repressed mem-
ories of childhood sexual abuse (Kamena, 1998). In another survey, of 
British and American doctoral-level therapists, 7 in 10 said they had used 
techniques such as hypnosis or drugs to help clients recover suspected re-
pressed memories of childhood sexual abuse (Poole et al., 1995). 


167 

Some have reasoned with patients that "people who've been 
abused often have your symptoms, so you probably were abused. Let's see 
if, aided by hypnosis or drugs, or helped to dig back and visualize your 
trauma, you can recover it." As we might expect from the research on 
source amnesia and the misinformation effect, patients exposed to such 
techniques may form an image of a threatening person. With further visu-
alization, the image grows more vivid, leaving the patient stunned, angry, 
and ready to confront or sue the equally stunned and devastated parent, 
relative, or clergy member, who then vigorously denies the accusation. Af-
ter 32 therapy sessions, one woman recalled her father abusing her when 
she was 15 months old.
31
 

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