Acromonogram

Meiosis is the opposite of Hyperbole. It is weakening, reducing the real characteristics of the object of speech.
e.g. The pennies were saved by bulldozing the grocer. (O. Henry)
It is used:
- to understate normal qualities of objects;
- to show the speaker’s intentional modesty.
Metonymyis based on contiguity of objects or phenomena having common grounds of existence in reality.
e.g. For several days he took an hour after his work to make inquiry taking with him some examples of his pen and inks. (T. Dreiser)
The pen is mightier than a sword. (anonymous)
It is used:
- to build up imagery;
- to show a property or an essential quality of the concept;
- to impart any special force to linguistic expression.
Onomatopoeiais using speech sounds to imitate the sound of what is being described – nature, people, things, animals etc.
e.g.buzz, whistle, ding-dong.
Crash! The old girl’s head went through the ceiling as though it were butter. (R. Dahl)
It is used:
- to bring out the full flavour of words, their expressive and emotive
connotations;
- to make the acoustic picture of reality;
- to make the sound of the utterance an echo of its sense.
Oxymoron is an attributive or an adverbial combination of two contradictory or incongruous words.
e.g.
O anything of nothing first create!
O heavy lightness, serious vanity!
Misshapen chaos of well-seeming forms!
Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health!
(W. Shakespear)
Fresh oxymoron: I am a deeply religious unbeliever. (A. Einstein)
Trite oxymoron: awfully good, terribly nice, pretty dirty, etc.
It is used:
- to bring out new shades of meaning by putting together semantically contradictory words;
- to emphasize the emotive meaning;
- to show the author’s subjective individual perception of the object.