Actual problems of modern science, education and training

Ключевые слова: оригинальный текст, переводной текст, способы перевода, лакуна, культурные разрывы, интеркультурный, бикультурный, социокультурный.
Abstract: In this article, in the process of translation, the existence of lexicons that cannot be translated from any language to a foreign language with one word, and such words are mainly local people's money, units of measurement representing distance and length, household items, clothing It is explained in detail that it is made up of words meaning concepts such as -night, food and drink, problems arise in finding
an alternative to these words in translation, and then there is always a lacuna phenomenon in translation. The opinions of scientists about the lacuna are examined through examples, and the article discusses the language units with a national color that have encountered the phenomenon of lacuna in the translations of Abdulla Qadiri's novel "The Past Days" into English by Carol Yermakova and Mark Reese. In conclusion, a list of words in the translation of the novel that are difficult to translate from Uzbek to English is formed in the form of a table.
Key words: source text (ST), target text ( TT), translation methods, lacunae, cultural void, cross-cultural (trans-cultural), bicultural, sociocultural
Introduction: Translation is one of the most interesting and amazing process. It is a privileged space where linguistic and social systems meet, intermix or come into conflict. [1] As we know culture is created by the people who live in a place and speak at one language. While translating one nation’s culture into another language, translation problems appear within this process. And the main reason for that is various cultures of diffent countries. As a result, for solving this kind of translation problem linguculturology joins into the translation process. According to Zoya Proshina ‘Translation and culture are inseparable. Translation could not have developed without culture. Literature, science, and philosophy influence translators’ conceptualizations. On the other hand, culture could not have developed without translation, since translations enrich nations with the cultural values of other nations.’ [2] And here a translator requires awareness of cultural difference.
Translation can be considered as a cross-cultural project that travels between languages and cultures. And for this reason translation can be misunderstandings too. As LeBaron has suggested, culture, being a sense-making, viewpoint-forming and behaviourdetermining system, can be defined as “a set of internalized understandings and ways of interacting with the world.” [3]