World History Subject Test
175
ARCO
■ SAT II Subject Tests
w w w . p e t e r s o n s . c o m / a r c o
7. The correct answer is (D). When an imperialist nation exercises formal governing powers over an
underdeveloped area, the underdeveloped area is referred to as a colony of the imperialist nation. The
other forms of imperialism given as choices are less formal. A concession is granted by an underde-
veloped country to a business interest for a specific economic privilege, for example, to build a rail-
road or to dig a mine. A sphere of influence is created when a powerful nation secures exclusive
economic privileges in an underdeveloped region. In a protectorate, the native government nominally
retains power but the imperialist nation has the real power. Finally, a satellite is a kind of protectorate
that emerged in eastern Europe following World War II.
8. The correct answer is (C). Martin Luther was born in 1483, the son of a prosperous mining entre-
preneur of peasant stock. He was well-educated and became a monk and later a professor of theology.
Even though a monk and a professor of Holy Scriptures, Luther was never spiritually satisfied. This
dissatisfaction caused him to reexamine the beliefs that had been taught to him by the Roman Catho-
lic Church. Luther’s initial protest was against the Church practice of selling indulgences—the prac-
tice of selling forgiveness of sins. In 1517, he posted the 95 Theses against indulgences to the door of
the Church of Wittenburg. Gradually, his criticism broadened into an all-out attack on the formal
structure and authority of the Catholic Church.
9. The correct answer is (A). The baroque movement manifested itself in art, music, and architecture.
Its defining characteristic is its lavishness, and Baroque architects incorporated considerable decora-
tion into their plans. The term itself was coined by contemporary critics who considered the style to
be in bad taste.
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