Andijon davlat chet tillar instituti

Stages and ways of teaching vocabulary
The process of development of vocabulary subskills in the English classrooms proposes three stages.
Stage I is related to the presentation of a new vocabulary. The aim is to introduce a new word and disclose the meaning of each word. Ways and techniques to convey the meaning of a word are:
Direct way

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  dictionaries - used in conveying the meaning of a word;
  
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  synonyms- items that mean the same, or nearly the same; for example, clever, smart may serve as synonyms of intelligent;
  
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  antonyms- items that mean the opposite; rich is an antonym of poor;
  
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  hyponyms - items that serve as specific examples of a general concept; dog. lion, mouse are hyponyms of animal;
  
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  morphological analysis (word building)
  
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  contextual guessing - understanding the meaning through the context, or previous experience;
  
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  definitions - explanation of meaning in English with the words familiar for learners;
  
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  examples - situational and interesting information which can motivate learners;
  
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  interpretation - if there is no equivalent in the native language;
  
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  matching - synonyms, antonyms;
  
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  analysis of the structure - familiar components of the word;
  
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  making list of family words - finding the meaning of the general word via familiar words;
  
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  familiar or famous (international) words.
  

Visual

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  demonstration of school paraphernalia or drawings on the black board (realia);
  
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  illustration material-pictures / objects;
  
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  models;
  
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  demonstration of movements, mime, body language;
  
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  pictograms, pictures, schemes.