Applied Speech and Audio Processing: With matlab examples
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Applied Speech and Audio Processing With MATLAB Examples ( PDFDrive )
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- Infobox 7.1
Advanced topics
(see the Infobox Common stereo audio standards), under Mid-side stereo, where the mid channel is (R – L)/2 and the side channel is (L – R)/2, performed to improve quantisation performance. On the other hand, some systems perform a type of joint stereo encoding in which the lower frequency information is stripped from both the left and right chan- nels (leaving them simpler, and thus able to be compressed using fewer bits), and then encoded separately. Although the term ‘joint stereo encoding’ is frequently misused, especially in the speech compression community related to MP3 encoding, the idea of joint stereo encod- ing is that humans are not really able to localise low frequency sounds, and hence there is no need to represent them in stereo. A very simple experiment to show this is to repeat the Matlab demonstration of the previous section with much lower frequency sounds, perhaps 40 Hz or so (if your computer can reproduce such a low frequency). Also, the prevalence of single sub-woofer setups in modern audio systems is due to the fact that two would be redundant: a house- shaking bass sound permeates an entire room and the brain cannot easily localise the source. Infobox 7.1 Common stereo audio standards There is a plethora of stereo audio standards, and non-standards in use around the world today. While the vast majority of stereo music is recorded in a straightforward R + L arrangement, including CDs, MP3, and so on, digital audio coding used on DVD and more advanced media, tends to be more complex. Still more professional systems, as used in cinemas, add to the complexity. Classified under the general term ‘surround sound’, these advanced systems include the follow- ing notable arrangements (any trademarks and trade names mentioned are the property of their respective owners): Name Front Middle Rear Notes Mono C – – Stereo L, R – – Mid-side stereo (R – L)/2, (L – R)/2 – – Dolby surround L, R – S Quadraphonic L, R – L, R Dolby Pro Logic L, R, C – S uses five speakers Dolby Pro Logic II L, R, C LFE L, R known as 5.1 Dolby Digital, DTS L, R, C LFE L, R known as 5.1 Dolby Pro Logic IIx L, R, C L, R C plus LFE Dolby Digital Plus L, R, C L, R, LFE L, R known as 7.1 10.2 channel 2 × L, C, 2 × R 5 × S 2 × LFE two height channels 22.2 channel arranged in 3 layers: 9 top, 10 middle, 3 lower, 2 woofers Download 2.66 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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