Associated professor Alimova M. Kh

3.1.DIVISION OF THE LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY WITH RESPECT TO THE OBJECT OF INVESTIGATION ,TO THE LEVELS OF LANGUAGE HIERARCHY AND TO TWO PLANS OF THE LANGUAGE

Associated professor

Alimova M.Kh.

Plan:

1. Genetic, areal and comparative typologies

2. Structural typology:

a) linguistic universals;

b) etalon language;

c) typological classification;

d) typological theory

3. Language hierarchy. Analysis of each level from a typological point of view

4. Formal and semantic analysis in typology

Basic concepts of the subject:

Genetic typology, areal typology, comparative typology, structural typology,etalon language, deep identity,surface identiy,cross-level approach,content approach,synchronic,diachronic,deductive,inductive,genealogical,typological,phonetic typology,phonological typology,morphologica typology,syntactic typology,lexical typology,formal typology,semantic typology

Genetic typology deals with the languages which are genetically related both synchronically and diachronically.

As an independent branch of linguistic typology it is characterized by the following features:

• Difference to system closeness. It means that language under comparison should belong to the same structural type.
• Difference to the genetic closeness. It means that only genetically related languages can be compared.
• Areal non-limitation of languages.
• Quantitatively languages are limited by a certain genetic group of a family of languages.
• For genetically closely related languages both deep and surface identity and also etic-emic identity are characteristic.
• While etic-emic identity is possible, but not obligatory, content approach is not used. The traditional approach from form to meaning is basically used.
• The etalon language is limited by certain category of linguistic phenomenon. Typological operation is completed in case when the languages belonging to the same genetic group or family are analysed by the same etalon language.