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B. Denudation-accumulative relief (plains)
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B. Denudation-accumulative relief (plains).
The main role in the formation of the denudation-accumulative relief is played by the activity of the system of valleyless streams flowing down from the foothills of the southwestern spurs of the Gissar Range. The processes of denudation and accumulation took place during several cycles (Azkamar, Karnab, Shorkuduk, Sukaity and Amudarya). In the geological structure of the described plains, thick strata of deposits of the Guzar suite of the Upper Pliocene take part, and above them deposits of the Quaternary age Deposits of the Guzar Formation are represented by interbedded strata of clays, siltstones, and sandstones. The stripped capacity is 305m (well No. 24kb). Quaternary deposits are represented by sands, gravel-pebble deposits, sandy loams, loams and rarely sandstones, gravelstones. The total thickness ranges from 10m to 100m (wells No. 41, 72 and 92) According to morphological features, the sought relief is subdivided into four types: A proluvial undulating heavily dissected plain with absolute elevations of 460-345m occupies the eastern and northeastern parts of the territory with a general slope of the surface to the west and northwest (Q 2 , kr ). Within this plain there are large erosional hollows Shiralisai, Bozbichkensai, Shamalkuduksai, Jalavashsai, etc., elongated in the northwestern and western directions. The surface of the plain is cut through by hollows with relative depressions of 8-25m, which creates a strongly dissected undulation of the relief. The surface of the plain is composed of proluvial loess-like sandy loams, loams with interlayers of sand, rarely gravel of the Karnab complex (Q 2 , kr ) - . The total thickness of the deposits of the Karnab complex increases from the southwest to the northeast from 20 m (pit 113) to 80 meters (see well 92 kb). Below them lie siltstones of the Guzar Formation. The geological and lithological characteristics of the Karnabsky complex of deposits are given according to the section of well 97. The proluvial flat valley is located next to the type described above at lower absolute heights of 400-3 5 Ohm and has a general surface slope to the northwest and west. The plain is composed of deposits of the Karnab and Shorkuduk complexes. The deposits of the Shorkuduk complex are represented by loams and sandy loams with interlayers of sand with a total thickness of 3 m to 16 m, thick strata of loess -like sandy loams and loams of the Karnab complex lie below (see pits No. 85, 96 and wells No. 68 and 78). The proluvial undulating plain with absolute elevations of 390-325 m occupies the territory located to the north of the peripheral part of Alyaudintau mountain. The general slope of the surface to the west and northwest. The surface belongs to the undivided Karnab and Shorkuduk denudation-accumulation cycle. The waviness is due to the presence of large erosional hollows, elongated in a northwestern direction with relative depressions of 10-18m. The proluvial undulating plain is composed of sandy loam, sand and contaminated gypsum with a total thickness of 2-4m. Below gravel-pebble deposits occur, in some places gravelstone with clay-gypsum cement, 6-10 m thick, below gravel-pebble deposits lie dense loams and sandy loams with clay interlayers. The total thickness of the deposits of the undivided Karnab and Shorkuduk complexes is 15-45m. For the geological and lithological characterization of the deposits, a section of the well 53k/b is given. Proluvial slightly undulating plain with absolute elevations of 420-320m. The surface has a general slope to the west. It occupies mainly the central and southeastern parts of the territory and is the fans of large hollows of Shiralisai, Bozbichkentsay, Dzhalavashsay, Kysylyshsay, Naursaya, etc. The waviness is due to the presence of separate very gentle elevations 2-4m high and depressions with a relative depth of 2-3m. The surface belongs to the Sukaita denudation-accumulative cycle and is composed of dense loams, sandy loams and uneven-grained sands with a high content of gravel and pebbles ( Q 3 Sk ) of the complex up to 15-25 meters, lower loess-like sandy loams, loams and sandstones of the Karnab complex ( plQ 2 ). For the lithological characterization of the deposits of the Sukaitinsky complex in the southeastern part of the plain, a section of well No. 89k / b is given, and in the eastern part of the plain, a section of exploration pit No. B. Accumulative-delta relief. The Amudarya and Sukaitinsky complexes of deposits of the Quaternary age take part in the geological structure of this relief; below they are underlain by clays and siltstones of the Guzar suite of the Upper Pliocene. In the formation of this relief, the accumulative activity of the river plays an important role. Kashkadarya. According to morphological features, this relief is divided into four types: The alluvial-proluvial flat plain (alluvial fans) of Guzardarya occupies a small area in the northeastern part of the region with absolute elevations of 410-385m and a general slope of the surface to the west, northwest. The surface is composed of alluvial-proluvial deposits of the Sukaitinsky complex ( alplQ 3 sk ) and is represented by dense loams , sandy loams and clay interlayers 8-15 meters thick, down to a depth of 40-50 m fine-grained and fine-grained sand. The thickness of the Sukaitinsky complex of deposits of the alluvial -proluvial plain reaches 50-60 m, loess-like sandy loams of the Karnabsky complex lie below ( alplQ 3 ). For the lithological characterization of the deposits of the Sukaitinsky complex, a section of the borehole is given. No. 95. The proluvial-aluvial flat-hilly plain occupies small areas located in the northwestern part of the region at the lowest absolute elevations of 330-300m. The general slope of the surface is to the west and southwest. For this type of relief, a characteristic feature is the combination of flat areas with separate scattered hills and soft gently sloping hills, with a relative height of 5-8 m. The surface is composed of proluvial-alluvial deposits of the Sukaiti complex ( plalQ 3 sk ) and is represented by inequigranular sands containing a large amount of silt particles. In the thickness of the sands there are inclusions of gravel and layers of sandy loam, loam, sandstone Download 1.85 Mb. 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