Base and derived adjectives Table of contents

Spelling of consonants in adjective suffixes:
a) the suffix -sk- is written in derived adjectives:
Abkhazians > Abkhazian;
suffix -k- is written:
In quality adjectives (such adjectives have a short form): low (low);
In derived adjectives formed from nouns with c: german > german; In derived adjectives formed from nouns with k, h, if k, h alternate with c; Cossack > Cossack, weaver > weaver.
b) when spelling adjectives with the suffix -sk-, remember:
If the stem of the generating noun ends in s, then two letters s are written in the adjective: Belorus > Belarusian.
If the stem of the generating noun ends with two letters c, then one of them is omitted and two letters c are also written in the adjective: Odessa > Odessa.
If the stem of a foreign generating word ends in sk, then the final k in the adjective is omitted and two letters c are also written in the adjective: Damascus > Damascus.
Exception: Basque > Basque.
English geographical names in -sk form adjectives without the suffix -sk- (therefore, one s is written in them): Kursk > Kursk.
If the stem ends in -n, -r, then the suffix -sk- is not written before the suffix: Horse > horse, January > January.
The exception is adjectives formed from the names of the months (except for January): november > november; december > december, as well as some geographical names (in accordance with the pronunciation: Tien Shan, Gdyn) and the expression day-to-day;
c) in adjectives in -aty it is written:
-schat-, if the word is formed from a noun with final root consonants sk (sk alternates with u);
Board-a > boardwalk.
-chat-, if the word is formed from a noun with a final -k- (-ok-) - suffix (k alternates with h);
Bar-ok > block-shaped; freckle-to-a > freckled.
Before the suffix -chat-, the final c of the generating stem alternates with t.
Krupits-a > granular.
Spelling н and нн in adjectives not formed from verbs
In adjectives not formed from verbs, one n is written:
1. In adjectives without a suffix: green, blue, ruddy, swine, young.
2. In adjectives formed from nouns with suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in-: leather, linen, duck.
Exceptions: pewter, wood, glass
3. In non-prefixed adjectives windy, oily.
4. In words: zealous, rye, drunk, spicy.
Two letters n:
1. In adjectives formed from nouns ending in n, using the suffix -n-: autumn > autumn-n-y; length-a > long-n-th.
2. In adjectives formed from nouns with suffixes -enn-, -yonn-, -onn-: editorial, artificial.
Exceptions: smart, windy, oily
3. In prefix adjectives with the root -wind-, -oil- and the suffix -enn-: windless, leeward, oiled, oiled
4. In words formed from dissimilar nouns in -mya: temporary, tribal, stirrup, nameless.