Beginner level

Noun Type	Description
Examples
An Abstract Noun	Abstract nouns are things you cannot see or touch	hate, happiness, determination
A Collective Noun	Collective nouns describe groups	jury, team, school
A Compound Noun	Compound nouns are nouns made up of more than one word	paperclip, court-martial, sister-in-law
A Concrete Noun	Concrete nouns are things you can see or touch	table, cup, rain
A Countable Noun	Countable nouns are ones with a singular and plural form. They are things you can count.	pen (pens), wall (walls), animal (animals)
A Non-countable Noun (Mass Nouns)	Non-countable nouns are things you cannot count	air, music, oxygen
A Gender-specific Noun	Gender-specific nouns are things which are definitely male or female	vixen, waitress, actress
Verbal Noun	Verbal nouns represent actions	writing, dancing, thinking). (Verbal nouns have no verb-like qualities.)
Gerund	Gerunds represent actions	writing, dancing, thinking). (Gerunds contrast with verbal nouns because they can have verb-like qualities; e.g., they can be modified by adverbs and take an object.)

LESSON 6

Plural and singular nouns

• 
  Otlar birlik va ko‘plikda ishlatiladi. Otlarning birlikdagi shakli bitta buyum yoki shaxsni ifodalaydi:
  

a table — stol, a pen— ruchka.

• 
  Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki yoki undan ortiq buyumlarni yoki shaxslarni ifodalaydi: tables— stollar, pens — ruchkalar.
  
• 
  Ingliz tilida otlarning ko‘pligi ularga -s qo‘shimchasini qo‘shish bilan yasaladi. Bu qo‘shimcha jarangsiz undoshdan keyin [s] deb o‘qiladi, jarangli undoshlar va unlilardan keyin [z] deb o‘qiladi:
  

map — maps hand — hands belt — belts shoe — shoes safe — safes

1. 
   -s, -ss, -o, -x, -ch, -sh harflari bilan tugagan otlarga -es qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi va [ız] deb o‘qiladi:
   

class — classes dish — dishes box — boxes inch — inches

2. 
   -se, -ce, -ze, -ge bilan tugagan otlarga qo‘shilgan -s qo‘shimchasi [ız] deb talaffuz qilinadi:
   

horse — horses place — places prize — prizes judge — judges

3. 
   Otlar oxiridagi -y harfi ga ko‘plik qo‘shimchasi –es qo‘shilganda -y harfi -i ga aylanadi:
   

army — armies company — companies city — cities factory — factories

4.