Beginner level

S + V + C + M yani,

S – Ega (Subject),

V – Kesim (Verb),

C – To’ldiruvchi (Complement),

M – Hol yoki aniqlovchi (Modifier).

Lesson 5

Noun: types, gender

• 
  Shaxs yoki buyumni ifodalovchi who?kim? va what?nima? so‘rog‘iga javob bo‘luvchi so‘zlar turkumi ot deyiladi:a man, an engineer, a house.
  
• 
  Otlar oldidan odatda artikl va predlog keladi. Ular otlarning asosiy belgisidir: a table, the table, on the table.
  
• 
  Otlar birlik va ko‘plikda kelishi mumkin: a table — tables, a book — books.
  

ATOQLI VA TURDOSH OTLAR (COMMON AND PROPER NOUNS)

• 
  Alohida shaxs yoki buyumlarning nomlari atoqli otlardir: Tash kent, the Volga, the Caucasus, London, Peter, Uzbekistan, Russian Federation, the Pacifi c Ocean, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Olimov, Nodir.
  

• 
  Turdosh otlar bir xil turdagi buyumlarning umumiy nomidir: a boy, a country, a tree, a house.
  
• 
  Turdosh otlar quyidagi guruhlarga bo‘linadi:
  

1. 
   alohida buyumlarning yoki shaxslarning nomlarini bildiruvchi otlar (a book — books, a tree — trees) va shaxs yoki hayvonlar guruhini ifodalovchi jamlama (a family — families, a herd — herds (poda), a crowd — crowds (to‘da)) otlar (Collective nouns).
   
2. 
   moddalarni ifodalovchi – moddiy otlar (Material Nouns): water — suv, steel — po‘lat, wool — yung, gold — oltin.
   
3. 
   belgi, harakat, holat, his, ko‘rininsh, fan, san’at va boshqalarni ifodalovchi mavhum otlar (Abstract Nouns): honesty — sofdillik, bravery — jasurlik, sleep — uyqu, darkness — qorong‘ulik, love — sevgi, work — ish, winter — qish, history — tarix,music — musiqa, mathematics — matematika.