British Society Британское общество ж national Entity and Differences
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British Society Британское общество by Болдак И А , Валько О В z
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- A N o t e on t h e British Money S y s t e m
- § 6. M e n a n d W o m e n
Questions:
1. Do British people approve of class divisions? 2. What determines a person's class? 3. Why is the manner of speech so important? 4. What English do we study? 5. What is 'inverted snobberv'? ; Additional A N o t e on t h e British Money S y s t e m '. Reading '. The fundamental unit of British money is the pound. Before 1971 there were 20 shillings in the pound and 12 pence in the shilling, and thus 240 pence in the pound. The coins in use were the following: a half penny, a penny, a three- pence, a sixpence, a shilling, a two shilling piece (called also a florin) and a half-crown (worth two and a half shillings). The coin worth a quarter of a penny and called a farthing was no longer in use after the 2 n d World War. There are also banknotes of 10s (ten shillings), £1 (one pound) and £5 (five pounds). In 1971 there was a reform of the British money system, introducing the decimal principle. There are now one hundred newpence in the British pound, and the shillings have disappeared. The new coins are: a half penny, one penny, two pence, five pence, ten pence, and fifty pence. In everyday speech, the contraction ' p ' (pronounced [pi:]) is generally used instead of the full word 'pence'. § 6. M e n a n d W o m e n 1. Is the m e n / w o m e n ; Generally speaking, British people invest s i t u a t i o n m B r i t a i n : about the same amount of their identitv m their controversial? Why? : gender as people in other parts of northern E u r o P e d o - On the one hand, society no long- er overtly endorses differences in the public and social, roles of men and women, and it is illegal to discriminate on the basis of sex. On the other hand, people still (often unconsciously) expect a fairly large number of dif- ferences in everyday behaviour and domestic roles. In terms of everyday habits and mannerisms, British society probably expects a sharper difference between the sexes than most other European so- cieties do. For example, it is still far more acceptable for a man to look untidy and scruffy than it is for a woman; and it is still far more acceptable for a woman to display emotions and be demonstrably friendly than it is for a man to do so. As far as roles are concerned, most people assume that a family's finan- cial situation is not just the responsibility of the man. On the other hand, they would still normally complement the woman, not the man, on a beautifully decorated or well-kept house. Everyday care of the children is still seen as mainly the woman's responsibility. Although almost as many women have jobs as men, nearly half of the jobs done by women are part-time. In fact, the majority of mothers with children under the age of twelve either have no job or work only during school hours. Men certainly take a more active domestic role than they did forty years ago. Some things, however, never seem to change. A comparison of child-rearing habits of the 1950s and the 1980s showed that the proportion of men who never changed a baby's nappy had remained the same (40%)! In general, the sharpest distinction between the expected roles and чД^ behaviour of the two sexes is found in the lower and upper classes. The distinction is far less clear among the middle classes, but it is still there. ; 2. What are the contra- ; At the public level there are contradic- o ^ - : dictions in the men/worn- : tions. Britain was one of the first European ^ ; en situation at the public ; countries to have a woman Prime Minister : level? and a woman chairperson of debate in its ; : Parliament. However, in the early nineties women formed only a tiny fraction of the total number of MPs (about 5%), only one out of five lawyers in Britain was a woman, less than one in ten accountants was a woman and there was only one female consultant brain surgeon in the whole country. Nearly every institution in the country has opened its doors to women now. One of the last to do so was the Anglican Church, which, after much debate, decided in favour of the ordination of women priests in 1993. How ever, there are a few institutions which still don't accept female members - Download 446.71 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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