Chapter I. The original types of cases in three different languages

Nominative Case
Bosh kelishik.
The Uzbek bosh kelishigi (common or subject case) corresponds in meaning and function to the English common case both of them are unmarked member of the case opposition and perform similar syntactic function in the sentence structure.
Engl: flower, table, fox, woman
Uzb: gul, parta, tulki, ayol. In the languages compared the noun in the nominative (common) case fulfil a number of syntactic functions. Of these most spread are the functions of subject, object, predicative, attribute in English the functions of subject, predcate, attribute and object in Uzbek Bosh kelishigidagi otlarning gapdagi sintaktik vazifasi quyidagilar:
Engl: The flower in the vase.
Uzb: Gul vazada.
An object:
Engl: I have written a letter.
Uzb:Men xat yozdim
A predicate:
Engl: I am student . They are workers.
Uzb: Men talabaman. Ular ishchilar.
An attribute:
Engl: The town library is closed on Sundays.
Uzb: Yakshanbada shahar kutubxonasi yopiq.
Expressing English nominative (common) case in Uzbek
English Uzbek
Nnom Nnom

1. 
   The boy is here. Bola shu yerda.
   
2. 
   The tiger is an animal. Yo’lbars hayvon hisoblanadi.
   
3. 
   I have a best friend. Menda yaxshi do’st bor.
   
4. 
   She is a nice girl. U yaxshi qiz.
   

Nnom Naccus
5. I love him. Men uni yaxshi ko’raman.
I haven’t seen her yet. Men hali ularni ko’madim.
Nnom Ndat
6 .I bought a gift my brother. Men ukamga sovg’a oldim.
7. He will write a letter me. U menga xat yozadi.
8. She always gives her pupils good marks. U har doim o’quvchilariga yaxshi . baxo beradi
9. I married him. Men unga turmushga chiqqanman.
10. They answer my question. Ular meni savolimga javob berdi
11. You don’t shout at me! Sen menga baqirma.
12. She should tell her mother about this. U bu haqida onasiga aytishi kk.
15. Please give me your pen. Iltimos ruchkangni menga ber.
16. I am speaking to you. Men senga gapiryapman.
17. “ Indeed!” said the stranger to himself. “ Naxotki” dedi: notanish o’ziga English common case and other five cases of Uzbek are marked members of the case opposition in both languages. As seen from the translations, it is not always possible to render the English nominative case in Uzbek by the nominative case and vice versa. On these grounds we can say that the semantic structures of the English and Uzbek nominative case partially cover each other.
Bosh kelishik
Ismlarning bosh kelishik shakli maxsus qo’shimchagaega emas. Ular gapd a ega, ot kesim, undalma vazifalarida keladi.
Masalan :

1. 
   Toshkent-O’zbekistonning poytaxti.-ega
   
2. 
   Men 7-sinf o’quvchisiman.-ot kesim
   
3. 
   Toshkent bunchalar go’zalsan!- undalma
   

Ega va undalmaning Grammatik shakli qat’iy: ular har doim bosh kelishikda bo’Ladi. Ega va undalmaning o’xshash jihati ham shunda, shakl jihatdan ham o’xshash bo’lishidir, yani ega ham, undalma hambosh kelishik shaklida bo’ladi. Farqi:ega kesimga bog’lanadi, undalma esa gapdagi biror bo’lak bilan sintaktik bog’lanmaydi.