Conduct of modern science– 2016 • Díl 1

МАТЕРИАЛИ ЗА XVI МЕЖДУНАРОДНА НАУЧНА ПРАКТИЧНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ ★ 15 - 22 февруари 2020 г. 
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solving aesthetic problems. The possibility of using laser irradiation in dermatology 
has found a wide response due to the pronounced therapeutic action aimed at local 
destruction and removal of tissues. 
The method of laser surgical correction is now widely used in dermas 
cosmetology practice. This is due to the exceptional variety and prevalence of skin 
pathology, as well as the relative simplicity and reasonable cost of most laser 
manipulations. The popularity and effectiveness of laser exposure methods are also 
related to the surface location of objects that require intervention. 
All types of laser surgery in dermatology and cosmetology can be divided into 
two types: operations that remove the affected skin area, including the epidermis, and 
interventions that selectively target the elimination of pathological structures without 
damaging the epidermis. The results of the first type of surgery (ablative) are closer to 
what we used to understand as classical surgery. 
Laser radiation, which is more or less equally adsorbed by all layers of the skin, 
leads to ablation at a sufficiently high energy (ablation-melting, blurring; in our case - 
removal, amputation). 
The principle of operation of CO2 lasers is based on gas mixtures. Light 
amplification in such lasers is due to vibrating transitions in CO2 carbon dioxide 
molecules. Lasers of this type use a combination of several gases: carbon dioxide 
(CO2), helium (He), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), and xenon (Xe). CO2 lasers 
generate 10.6 micrometer-long waves that can generate high-quality and high-power 
radiation. 
When exposed to the skin, CO2 radiation is absorbed by melanocytes (cells that 
produce the pigment melanin) and water, exerting a thermal effect on the tissues. 
There are two main types of mechanism the operation of a CO2 laser: 
• 
continuous 
• 
impulsive 
Devices based on continuous lasers are based on laser radiation, which is 
constant over time. Such lasers are used in surgery for excision of neoplasm on the 
skin. But this type of laser has one significant drawback. During its exposure, there is 
a significant heating of nearby tissues. For this reason, it is not possible to accurately 
predict the depth of laser penetration into tissues. 

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