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- Effective ways to speak.
Accuracy and Fluency.
We often think of pronunciation teaching in terms of helping students achieve accurate pronun-ciation so that their production of sounds, stress, rhythm, and intonation begins to match an ideal pattern. But accuracy is only one part of good pronunciation. Fluency in producing sounds and other aspects of pronunciation is equally important. The two don’t always go together. For exam-ple, many students learn to produce a new sound correctly when they’re concentrating carefully and saying it alone or in a single word. When they need to use that same sound in conversation, however, it’s much more diff i cult to keep producing it correctly—they can’t pronounce the sound fl uently. After all, in real-world speaking, pronunciation is just one among many things that stu-dents have to think about. Vocabulary, grammar, the ideas they want to express, and the appropri-ate degree of politeness and formality also occupy their attention. It’s hard to use pronunciation accurately and fl uently at the same time. Because of this, when we’re practicing pronunciation, we should include some activities that emphasize pronunciation fl uency—speaking smoothly and easily, even if not all the sounds are perfect—along with activities that emphasize accuracy—producing sounds correctly. Both accuracy and fl uency are important in pronunciation, just as they are in speaking in general, and both deserve attention and practice. Effective ways to speak. 1. Listen The first step in improving your speaking skills is actually working on your listening. Listening to English has several benefits – it allows you to pick up new words, phrases, and ways to respond in conversations. Secondly, listening provides opportunities to understand pronunciation, how some words are omitted when speaking, how some are joined together, the rhythm, the intonation, and the sounds of language. 2. Imitate. Listen: Pick your favourite video or audio clip from any of the sources provided in the earlier section of this article. Play the audio and listen to it carefully. Play as many times as you like to understand how each word is spoken. Repeat and record: After playing the audio, repeat saying the words and conversations exactly as you heard. Pay special attention to the intonation, stress, and rhythm of language. Record yourself while repeating the words. You could use a voice recorder on your phone or a use a web-service like Vocaroo . Recording will provide you an opportunity to listen to yourself and self-correct. So, do not skip this step. Compare: Listen to the audio again and compare it with your recording. Does it match? Note down changes that you may need to make. Correct: Repeat the entire process again until you get better and more accurate. 3. Read . Reading is yet another important skill to have when learning a language. Whether you prefer a novel or an article, reading a few minutes every day will help you acquire new vocabulary. The most common reason why people hesitate with reading is that it takes quite a lot of time to read a book from start to finish. However, when learning English, reading even for a few minutes is greatly beneficial. Short articles or notes in English are great for this. They only take a few minutes to read and are quite easy to find. 4. Reflect. Reflection is a very useful step in improving your speaking skills. Reflection is nothing but asking questions to think about what you learnt, how you learnt, what progress you see, what could be done differently, and how to change the way you learn to allow progress. 5. Prepare. A lot of us hesitate to speak or take part in conversations in English because we are nervous about what to say. We are anxious that what we say may not be appropriate or we may make mistakes. We can easily fix this problem by preparing ahead. Are you going to a restaurant with your colleagues? Think of situations that require you to speak English. Order food, perhaps? Ask for changes to a dish? Ask your colleagues’ preferences? Ask for the bill? What vocabulary do you need in these situations? Write up a simple list of phrases to use. 6. Speak. Yes, speaking. There is no magic pill that would help you speak better. You must put yourself in situations where you are forced to speak in English to get better at it. Start small. Do you live or work at a place where you need to speak English to get by? Great! Take advantage of this situation by speaking to people around you. It could be at your workplace or even at a coffee shop – doesn’t matter where, as long as you can speak. 7. Practise. We cannot stress this enough. Regular and consistent practice is the key to success when it comes to speaking English. The tips and suggestions that we’ve described above only work if you use them regularly. So, here’s what we recommend. Start small – spend just 10 minutes every day doing 1-2 of the above things. Maybe listen to a short video clip today and imitate. Reflect on what you learned. Tomorrow, pick up a short article. Read aloud and summarise in your own words. Reflect on what you read and the new words. Download 11.5 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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