Contents introduction chapter 1

2. Secondary vocational education. It aims to train mid-level specialists, meet the needs of the individual in deepening and expanding education on the basis of basic general, secondary general or primary vocational education. Educational institutions of secondary vocational education are:

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  Technical schools (industrial, construction, transport, agricultural, economic, etc.);
  
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  Schools (pedagogical, medical, musical, nautical, military, etc.);
  
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  special schools (for example, a police school);
  
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  professional colleges (implement secondary vocational education, as well as retraining and advanced training of specialists);
  
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  departments (faculties) of secondary vocational education at universities;
  

The terms of study in secondary specialized educational institutions on the basis of basic general education are three to five years, on the basis of complete secondary education - two to three years.

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  3. Higher professional education is aimed at training and retraining specialists of the appropriate level, meeting the needs of the individual in deepening and expanding education on the basis of secondary general, secondary vocational education. In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education” (1996), the following types of higher educational institutions are established in the Russian Federation:
  
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    Institute (carries out training, retraining and advanced training of employees for a certain area of professional activity: engineering, pedagogical, legal, economic, etc.);
    
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    academy (performs the same tasks as an institute, plus training, retraining and advanced training of highly qualified workers);
    
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    university (implements educational programs of higher and postgraduate professional education in a wide range of areas, and also performs functional and applied research in a wide range of sciences)
    

The following levels of higher professional education have been established in the Russian Federation:

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  bachelor's degree (duration of study is at least four years, a bachelor's degree is issued);
  
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  a certified specialist (a period of study of at least five years, a diploma of a specialist with a higher professional education is issued);
  
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  Master (study period of at least six years, a master's degree is issued).
  
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