Contents introduction chapter 1

- increased responsibility for the result of collective work.

Technology "Triz"
As a pedagogy of creativity, technology "Triz" is considered - the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving ( Altshuller G.S.). This is a universal methodological system that combines cognitive activity with methods of activating and developing thinking, which allows the student to solve creative and social problems independently.
The purpose of the technology is to form the thinking of students, prepare them to solve non-standard problems in various fields of activity, and teach creative activity.
Principles TRIZ technologies:
-removal of a psychological barrier before unknown problems;
-humanistic nature of education;
-formation of a non-standard way of thinking;
-practice-oriented implementation of ideas.
TRIZ technology was created as a thinking strategy that allows every well-trained specialist to make discoveries. The author of the technology proceeds from the fact that everyone is endowed with creative abilities (everyone can invent).
The process of inventive activity is the main content of education.
According to psychologists, TRIZ technology forms in children such mental abilities as:
- the ability to analyze, reason, justify;
- ability to generalize, draw conclusions;
- the ability to think creatively and flexibly;
- the ability to actively use the imagination.
The methodology uses individual and collective techniques: heuristic game, brainstorming, collective search.
Evaluation of ideas is carried out by specialists who first select the most original proposals, and then the most optimal ones.
Research (problem) learning technology
The technology of research (problem) learning, in which the organization of classes involves the creation of problem situations under the guidance of a teacher and the active work of students to resolve them, resulting in the acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities; the educational process is built as a search for new cognitive landmarks.
The child independently comprehends the leading concepts and ideas, and does not receive them from the teacher in finished form.
Problem-based learning technology involves the following organization :

• 
  The teacher creates a problem situation, directs students to solve it, organizes the search for a solution.
  
• 
  The student is placed in the position of the subject of his training, resolves the problem situation, as a result of which he acquires new knowledge and masters new ways of action.
  

A feature of this approach is the implementation of the idea of “learning through discovery”: the child himself must discover the phenomenon, law, pattern, properties, method of solving the problem, find the answer to an unknown question. At the same time, in his activity he can rely on the tools of knowledge, build hypotheses, test them and find the way to the right solution.
Principles of problem-based learning : independence of students; developmental nature of education; integration and variability in the application of various fields of knowledge; use of didactic algorithmic tasks.
Methodological techniques for creating problem situations can be as follows:
- the teacher leads the children to the contradiction and invites them to find a way to resolve it;
-expresses different points of view on the issue;
-suggests to consider the phenomenon from different positions;
- encourages children to make comparisons, generalizations, conclusions;
- poses problem questions, tasks, sets problem tasks.
A feature of this approach is the implementation of the idea of "learning through discovery": the child himself must discover the phenomenon, law, regularity, properties, method of solving the problem, find the answer to an unknown question. At the same time, in his activity he can rely on the tools of knowledge, build hypotheses, test them and find the way to the right solution.
The technology of conducting classes in accordance with the theory of problem-based learning (M.I. Makhmutov , I.Ya. Lerner):

• 
  familiarization of pupils with the lesson plan and problem statement;
  
• 
  splitting the problem into separate tasks;
  
• 
  selection of algorithms for solving problems and studying the main educational material;
  
• 
  analysis of the obtained results, formulation of conclusions.
  

Thus, the technology of problem-based learning involves a system of training sessions with the main goal of creating conditions under which students discover new knowledge, master new ways of searching for information, and develop problematic thinking. [10]