Contents introduction chapter the verb. Basic grammatical categories of the verb

Сходи в магазин.
Let’s have a dinner now.
Давайте поужинаем сейчас.
The Subjunctive Mood shows that the speaker considers the action not as a real fact, but as expected or desirable, and also possible under certain conditions. It is translated into Russian by past tense verbs with the particle "by".
If I were a cat, I would lie in the sun all day.
Если бы я бал котом, я бы весь день лежал на солнце.

CONCLUSION
In the work, the structural and semantic features of the English Verb in the context were studied.
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn:
- in English, the context in which this or that word is used is extremely important, since it is the context that allows you to choose the correct meaning of the word from its 5-10 meanings that this or that word has. One and the same word can be a Noun, an Adjective, a Verb and an Adverb, and only the context allows you to correctly determine its meaning;
- in modern English, the Verb has categories of Aspect, Tense and Temporal reference, which, intersecting in different planes, form 4 categories (groups of forms): Indefinite, Perfect-long, Perfect, Perfect-long, the features of the functioning of these forms in the language are due to the peculiarities of their historical development, and their sources are Old English free syntactic combinations;
- the main way of expressing the categorical meaning of the aspect during the Old English and Middle English periods is the simple forms of the “preterite” and present, while the formation of the analytical forms of the grammatical category of the aspect and the categorical form of the Future Tense occurs by the end of the Early New English period, with the exception of the analytical form of the Perfect, which takes on a modern look already by the end of the Middle English period;
- the grammatical category of the time of the modern English Verb is tripartite and represents the opposition of the forms of the present, Past and Future Tenses;
- the categorical form of the Future Tense has an analytical structure and, despite some formal and meaningful similarities, is different from the categorical form of the Subjunctive mood. This similarity is due only to the peculiarities of the historical development of these forms: in modern English, the Perfect - antecedent and the non-perfect - direct and given form in relationship with each other a special grammatical category of the Verb and different from both tense and aspect - the category of temporal reference.
- binary opposition of long forms, showing the action in its development, and forms binary opposition of long forms, showing the action in its development, and non-long forms, which do not have any specific meaning, forms a grammatical category of the form of the English Verb, separate from the category of Tense.
- in modern English, the Perfect has forms of the Present, Past and Future Tense, which strictly differ both in structure and content - each form has well-defined rules for the formation and use cases, Perfect forms are formed analytically and the main meaning is the expression of an action that has taken place to a certain moment; the main meaning of the Present Perfect is the expression of an action that has taken place so far, the result of which is available in the Present Tense;
- Past Perfect Tense - an expression of a past action that has already taken place before a certain moment in the past, also this form can carry the completeness of the action to a certain moment in the past, this precedence, and also convey the action that caused a certain state, or state of affairs in the past; the main meaning of the Perfect Future Tense is the expression of a future action that will take place by a certain moment in the future, also an important feature of this form is its ability to express the intended action related to the past: , analytical forms of the present differ. Past and Future long Tenses, each of which has its own, clearly defined, structure of education and use cases; the long form of the Present Tense is used to express a long action taking place at the moment of speech, or to express a long action taking place at the present time, although not necessarily at the moment of speech, in addition to this, in modern English, in some cases, the long form of the Present Tense has a shade of modality and can express the future, but not necessarily a long-term, action, when the intention to perform it or the confidence in its commission is expressed; long forms of the Past and Future tense and are used to express a long action that began before a certain moment in the past or future and is still taking place at that moment, and can also serve as a background for another action.