Economics The study of how people, institutions, and society make economic choices under conditions of scarcity

economic problem
The need for individuals and society to make choices because wants exceed means.( Shaxslar va jamiyatning tanlov qilish zarurati, chunki istaklar vositalardan ustun turadi.)
budget line
A line that shows various combinations of two products a consumer can purchase with a specific money income, given the products’ prices.( Iste'molchi mahsulot narxini hisobga olgan holda ma'lum bir pul daromadi bilan sotib olishi mumkin bo'lgan ikkita mahsulotning turli kombinatsiyalarini ko'rsatadigan chiziq.)
constant
opportunity cost
An opportunity cost that remains the same as consumers shift purchases from one product to another along a straight-line budget line.( Iste'molchilar to'g'ridan-to'g'ri byudjet chizig'i bo'ylab xaridlarni bir mahsulotdan ikkinchisiga o'tkazishi bilan bir xil bo'lgan imkoniyat xarajatlari.)
economic resources
The land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability used in the production of goods and services.( Tovar va xizmatlar ishlab chiqarishda foydalaniladigan yer, mehnat, kapital va tadbirkorlik qobiliyati.)
Land
Natural resources (“gifts of nature”) used to produce goods and services.( Tovar va xizmatlar ishlab chiqarish uchun foydalaniladigan tabiiy resurslar (“tabiat in’omlari”).)
labor
The physical and mental talents and efforts of people used to produce goods and services.(Tovar va xizmatlar ishlab chiqarish uchun odamlarning jismoniy va aqliy qobiliyatlari va harakatlari ishlatilgan.)
Capital
Human-made resources (buildings, machinery, and equipment) used to produce goods and services.( Tovar va xizmatlar ishlab chiqarish uchun ishlatiladigan inson resurslari (binolar, mashinalar va uskunalar).)
Investment
The purchase of capital resources.( Kapital resurslarni sotib olish)
entrepreneurial ability
The human talent that combines the other resources to produce a product, make strategic decisions, and bear risks.( Mahsulot ishlab chiqarish, strategik qarorlar qabul qilish va xavf-xatarlarni o'z zimmasiga olish uchun boshqa resurslarni birlashtirgan inson iste'dodi.)