Edition 2020 Ninth edition
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a6048c931cdc93 TEGOVA EVS 2020 digital
(IFRS 13.91)
. Reconciliation of opening to closing balances as well as an extensive description of valuation process in place are new requirements to be complied with. 5.7. It should be noted that IFRS 13 was drafted in the aftermath of the sub-prime crisis and the subsequent shocks to major financial institutions. It is clearly aimed more at the valuation of complex financial instruments than at the valuation of real property. Indeed, very few of the many examples stated in IFRS 13 refer to real property situations, thus confirming that real property valuations were not the principal target of this initiative. This creates difficulties for property valuers in applying the standard to their daily work. In particular, the concepts of "observ- able" and "unobservable" inputs lack clarity — one is tempted to ask "observable to whom?" If the observers are novices in the market, much information may be unobservable to them. In contrast, if the observers are experienced valuers with access to a lot of confidential information, a great deal more information will be "observable" for them. 5.8. Under IFRS 13, Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for items identical to the asset being measured. Real estate assets are rarely identi- cal to each other not least because no two assets ever occupy exactly the same physical space, which means that even two very similar houses may have differ- ent views or orientations. Similarly, an office suite on the top floor of a building will often have more natural light and a better view than a similar-sized suite on a lower floor. As regards "quoted prices", in most property markets prices achieved on sales or lettings of properties are often not quoted and are thus rarely available to the general public. (This last aspect may, however, change with time with the increasing spread of internet sites offering information on recent rents and sale prices. Nevertheless, information obtained from such sites should be treated with caution as "headline" rents and prices may mask actual transaction details such as onerous lease terms, deferred payments, stepped rents, etc.). European Valuation Standards 2020 I.B. - EVGN 2: Fair Value for Financial Reporting 117 5.9. For all these reasons, it is therefore considered most unlikely that Level 1 meas- urements will arise in property valuation. The valuer's choice will therefore most likely be between Levels 2 and 3. 5.10. In virtually all cases the valuer will therefore be deciding whether an input used is to be classified as Level 2 or Level 3. It should be noted that the reporting entity only has to give the hierarchy of inputs that are considered to be "significant" to the measurement of value. For an input to be Level 2, sufficient good evidence of the required input must be available from identical or near-identical properties. In particular, this evidence must be sufficiently recent for it to be applied direct- ly without any significant adjustment for the passage of time between the dates of those transactions and the valuation date of the subject property. Even if the evidence comes from very recent transactions, the valuer will still have to be sat- isfied that the supply and demand situation remains unchanged between the date of the evidence and the valuation date of the subject property. Examples of cases where Level 2 might nevertheless be possible include: • Sale prices of identical or very similar residential units; • Rents of identical or very similar light industrial units on the same estate; • Rents for suites let on similar floors of the same office building. 5.11. Adjustments to inputs occur in the choice of estimated rental values (ERVs) and yields for the great majority of valuations of investment properties, which are amongst those that are the most concerned by IFRS 13. IFRS 13 states that if an ad- justment to a Level 2 input is "significant", the input should be considered as there- after falling in Level 3. The word "significant" is not defined in the standard. Valuers will therefore have to judge for themselves what is significant. It is not possible to indicate a range of percentage adjustment that might be considered significant. 5.12. The appreciation of what is significant will vary according to the type of proper- ty and the quality and transparency of the market information available. Valuers generally have an idea of the degree of accuracy of the information they have at their disposal, and hence of the degree of accuracy of any value they produce. It is suggested that valuers could measure the significance or otherwise of any adjustment against the level of accuracy that they believe is implied in their value. 5.13. Because of the inherently unique nature of property assets and the limitations on evidence discussed above, valuers are very often required to adjust significant inputs. Therefore in many cases Level 3 is the most likely conclusion for the main inputs used in the valuation of investment property (particularly ERVs and yields). 118 I.B. - EVGN 2: Fair Value for Financial Reporting European Valuation Standards 2020 6. The role of the valuer in determining Fair Value hierarchy 6.1. Valuers must discuss reporting requirements in detail with their clients at the ear- liest opportunity in order to ensure that they provide the required level of service. This will also help the valuer to draft correct terms of engagement and to take account of reporting requirements in determining the appropriate level of remu- neration for the instruction. 6.2. Who will be responsible for identifying the hierarchy of inputs? The valuer is the closest to the "measurement" (i.e. the valuation) and is therefore probably best able to categorise the various inputs. Valuers undertaking Fair Value valuations for the consolidated accounts of EU listed companies can therefore be expected to be asked to comment on the hierarchy of the main inputs in their valuations. Two possibilities are: • Where similar valuation methods have been used for a whole portfolio, com- ments at a general portfolio level, highlighting the exceptions, if any; or • Comments on a property-by-property basis. 6.3. It is the responsibility of the reporting entity to report on the level that will be applied to the value measurement (i.e. the valuation) as a whole. The final Level 2/ Level 3 decision should therefore be taken by the reporting entity. The valuer's role is to give sufficient details about the various inputs for the client to be able to make the final decision on the level to be ascribed to the Fair Value measurement of each asset. In order to do this, the valuer must state which inputs are significant. 7. Valuation methods 7.1. IFRS 13 talks in terms of "valuation techniques", whereas valuers are more used to Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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