English for

4 
Suggested answers
1 In a round-table discussion participants do not make 
presentations or distribute handouts. Consequently, they 
have to able to clearly express their opinions in two or three 
minutes.
2 A paper is an oral presentation, supported by visual aids, by 
a speaker or a group of speakers. By contrast, in a poster 
presentation the main emphasis is on visuals.
3 Conference preparation takes a lot of time and effort. What is 
more, it requires someone with excllent organisational skills. 
4 In the Conclusions section of an article you summarise 
the ideas and draw conclusions. Similarly, at the end of a 
presentation it is necessary to cover the main points and make 
a summary.
You may want to split the task into two parts. Firstly ask 
learners to identify the type of logical relation in each sentence, 
then to provide the relevant linking word.
5–7 
Learners’ own answers.
Reading 
8 
Suggested answers
1 All elements of the structure of an argument are present.
2 All the parts are logically connected.
3 There are no contradictory points.
4 The evidence which is given is reliable and relevant. 
5 The tone is unemotional/neutral.
4
Speaker 4: If teachers are involved in research, they can share 
the tricks of the trade with their students. They are interesting 
to their alumni. One could argue that good masters of a trade 
are those who can pass on its tools to their students, but 
tools and methods are developing all the time, and to be at 
the forefront of one’s field one has to be part of the changes. 
Summing up, it is a requirement for a university teacher or 
lecturer to be in involved in scientific discovery.
Language focus
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