English for

Students: Yes, thanks. …
Lecturer: Thank you. Let’s turn to the third type, proxemics, 
or territoriality, the study of how space influences 
communication. Sociologists report four territorial zones: 
intimate space – up to 1 and a half feet, personal space – 1 to 
2 and a half feet, social space – 4 to 7 feet, and public space 
– 10 feet or more. Why do you need this information? To use 
space to your advantage. When our personal space is invaded, 
we don’t feel comfortable. Right? 
And the last group of nonverbal messages for today is 
image or object communication such as clothing, hairstyles 
or even things and furniture in your room. Appearances 
definitely affect perceptions. If you look successful, you are 
often perceived to be successful. Your clothes, for example, 
communicate a nonverbal message indicating your status, 
maybe occupation, your personality traits.
Well, before we finish. A short quiz. Does a raised eyebrow 
or frown mean that someone’s upset or annoyed or it is a 
positive sign? … 
8 
Answers
1 components 2 classified 3 categories 4 consist of 
5 subcategories 6 elements 7 fall into 8 major class 
9 type 10 group
9, 10 
Learners’ own answers.
Language focus
11 
Answers
1 c 2 e 3 b 4 a 5 d 6 f 
12 
Answers 
a summary of the main points, highlighting the importance of 
the topic, warning against generalisations, giving a task
Audioscript 
43
Lecturer: In summary, we communicate our ideas, attitudes 
and emotions not only by words. We send messages 
nonverbally too, by paralanguage, or our voice modulations; 
by kinesics, that is by our facial expressions, eye contact, 
posture, and gestures; by image such as clothing, objects, 
and appearances, and, finally, by proxemics or spatial 
relationships.

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