Defining and non-defining relative clauses
One distinction that applies to all relatives is between defining and non-defining
relative clauses (also called restrictive and non-restrictive):
The man who we recognised was a robber. (defining)
The man, who we recognised, was a robber. (non-defining)
In the first example, the relative clause distinguishes the ‘man’ from all others; in the
second it merely describes him. The use of commas around a non-defining relative
clauses is typical in writing, as above. In non-defining relative clauses that is not
used: ‘The man, that we recognised, was the robber.’ And object relative pronouns
cannot be omitted: ‘The man, we recognised, was the robber.’
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