Should and ought to
Should allows the writer/speaker to describe desired or ideal situations. It is less strong
than must:
However, to assess different advantages and disadvantages in other circumstances,
the chosen method should be examined critically before use. (compare the stronger:
. . . the chosen method must be examined . . . )
Ought to is occasionally used in this way in academic style, but is much less frequent
than should:
Our use of the term ‘stable’ ought to be defined here.
Should is used to hedge conclusions and predictions, but it expresses confidence in
the probability that a situation will occur in a particular way:
The overall agreement of the results should allow us to accept them with some
confidence.
(compare the more direct: . . . the results allow us to accept . . . )
[English literature lecture]
Okay. You should be able to see the connections already and hopefully you can see
what Anderson is saying in this extract.
Hedging: other expressions 146c
Hedging in academic texts is often carried out by the use of a range of adverbial and
prepositional constructions (plus some other types of expression). Their full effect can
often best be observed by removing them from the example sentences quoted here.
Common hedging expressions include adverbs such as:
apparently
generally
roughly
arguably
likely
seemingly
broadly
normally
surely
evidently
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