For English language educators, the most problematic aspect of defining English as an international language remains the notion of competence

CHAPTER 1. THE MODEL OF TRAINING YOUNG TEACHERS TO THE FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

The current status of the theory of learning a foreign language and the obtained knowledge makes it necessary once again to return to the competence of communicative teaching. At the turn of the century has changed the sociocultural context of learning foreign languages in Kazakhstan. Greatly increased their educational and self-education functions in schools and universities, professional significance in the labor market as a whole, resulting in the enhancement of motivation to learn languages of international communication. Communicative-based learning is also becoming a tool of social and cultural education. Communicative-based learning of foreign language means to form a school student’s communicative competence of language, conversation and practical, social, linguistic and intellectual, when the student is ready to use language as an implement of discourse activity. The purpose of the article is to consider the role of communicative competence in the XXI century and develop the model of training future teachers of English to the formation of communicative competence at the secondary school.

1.1 The essence of competence-based approach

The essence of competence-based approach - in the process of training a person must get very specific practice-oriented knowledge and develop specific socially and professionally important qualities, possessing which will be successful in life.

Particular importance is the training of future teachers to the formation of communicative competence at secondary school based on English lessons.
Therefore, Kazakhstani system of Education needs innovative methods of training teachers of English as a Foreign Language.
The above mentioned was equally interesting for me the preparation of future teachers' pedagogical universities of Great Britain.
So for the essential experience of international cooperation was in the form of scientific training thanks to the Program “Bolashak” International Scholarship of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The program “Research study in Humanity” at the University of Buckingham assisted to gain excellent experience on training teachers of English as a Foreign Language. It was a good chance to study on leading practices. Attending the lectures of British colleagues the improved lecturers were: Mrs. Felicity Robert-Holmes – “Interpersonal Communication”, Doctor Katherine Finlay – “Individual Differences”, Ms. Caroline Cushen – “TEFL skills” and , Jo Gregory – English through Culture Studies and Claire Stulteins – Translation Skills and Methods, Ms Katherine Damon – Mass Communication, Mr.Gerry Loftus – Teaching Academic English.
The scientific [1.15], educational and technological prerequisites [2.215] for the development of communicative competence under the comparative analysis of the educational process in two countries led to the following problems:
- To develop students’ awareness of important aspects of communication used in interpersonal situations particularly in educational process;
- To familiarize students with fundamental communicative competence on EFL teaching skills;
- To enable students to evaluate materials and language test for suitability to secondary school of applications
- To provide opportunities for students to train to the formation of communicative competence on EFL lessons appropriate to particular students groups;
The communicative approach is based on the fact that a successful mastery of communication skills, future teachers must master not only the linguistic forms, but they must have formed an idea of how to use them in real communication with the students.
Possession of the listed skills, ability to establish contact with other people and to maintain it has been determined by several researchers. (Michael Byram Clevedon, J.M. Zhukov, L.A Petrovskii, P.V Rastyannikov).
The particular importance is the development communicative competence of of future professionals of the future teachers and school students. What is the meaning associated with the notion of what is meant by the formation of communicative competence in the XXI century?
The concept of communicative competence has seen many changes in ideas. We may divide the trends of the this concept in the last 45 years into 4 phases.
Phase 1 – it refers to linguistic competence, especially in grammar (D.Hymes, N.Chomsky, 1966). It considers the language user's grammatical knowledge of syntax, morphology, phonology and social knowledge appropriately.
Phase 2 – consists of three components: grammatical competence: words and rules, sociolinguistic competence: appropriateness, strategic competence: appropriate use of communication strategies.(Canale and Swain, 1980)
Phase 3 – includes organizational competence, which consists both grammatical and discourse (or textual) competence, and "pragmatic competence," which includes both sociolinguistic and "illocutionary" competence (Bachman, 1990).
Phase 4 – Emerita Banados, Kristi Jauregi add into the concept of communicative competence: strategic, linguistic, discourse, pragmatic, intercultural competence.(2009)[3.37].
However, if we talk about the substantive content of the communicative competence of future teachers and secondary school students, the academic subject must be designed not as a sign system plus efforts to make it their own, but as a subject of learning.
One of the principal tasks of the teacher in forming communicative competence of secondary school students is the organization of an environment in which students acquire skills that match the high level of communication.
Ability to communicate include:
1) the desire to make contact with the students;
2) the ability to organize communication, including the ability to listen to the interlocutor, the ability to emotionally empathize, to show empathy, the ability to resolve conflicts;
3) knowledge of rules and regulations to be followed when dealing with the students.
According to Jack C.Richards “communicative competence in communicative language teaching includes the following aspects of language knowledge:
- knowing how to produce and understand different types texts (e.g. narratives, reports, interviews, conversations)
- maintain how to maintain communication despite having limitations in one’s language knowledge (e.g. through using different kinds of communication strategies) ”.[4.3]
Also, we shouldn't forget that the XXI century secondary school students are mostly interested in web technology and the innovative role of English Language Teaching has changed where the teacher of English language has to start working with technology using web 2.0 tools[5.303].
So, communicative competence of future English Teachers considers not only the ability to carry out speech activity which means the language is spoken, properly use the system language, also it covers the web technology standards and choose communicative behavior in accordance with the goals and the situation of communication within a particular sphere of activities.