Index and Concordance to Alexander Vassiliev’s Notebooks and Soviet Cables Deciphered by the National Security Agency’s Venona Project
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“Chavycha”: Soviet ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 30. “Chaynaya” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tea Shop” (Alternative translation: “Tea Room”).
“Cheetah” [“Chita”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, Seattle, maritime and Naval intelligence. References to in 1936–1939. “Cheetah” as “Chita” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified contact on the Moscow-San Francisco channel in 1944, but it is uncertain if this 1944 “Cheetah” is “Cheetah” of the late 1930s. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 26–27, 32, 101, 173; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 136. CHEF [SHEF] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, a journalist. Likely a variant Venona translation for CHIEF [SHEF]. Venona New York KGB 1944, 748;
CHIEF].
Cheka: Vserossiyskaya Chrezvychaynaya Komissiya po Borbe s Kontr Revolyutsiyey i Sabotzzhem – All-Russian Extraordinary Commission to Combat Counterrevolution and Sabotage. Predecessor to the KGB. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 151; Vassiliev Odd Pages, 6; Vassiliev White Notebook
CHEKH [CZECH] (cover name in Venona): Robert Menaker. Venona New York KGB 1944, 323, 393, 608, 648–50, 669, 703: Venona New York KGB 1945, 174; Venona Special Studies, 13, 78. CHEKH [CZECH] (cover name in Venona): Jack Soble. Venona New York KGB 1944, 462; Venona Special Studies, 3, 78. “Chekh” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Czech”. Chekhov, ?: Described as a Russian artist. Venona San Francisco KGB, 42. CHEKHOV (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely a Soviet internal security source. Venona New York KGB 1944, 361; Venona Special Studies, 78, 119. Chekists: KGB jargon for KGB personnel, particularly officers. “Chemist” [“Khimik”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Robert Oppenheimer, September 1944.
CHEMIST [KHIMIK] (cover name in Venona): Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Venona analysts suggested Ivan Kamenev as a candidate for CHEMIST. Venona New York KGB 1944, 192, 240, 339, 540; Venona Special Studies, 76. CHEN (cover name in Venona): Zalmond David Franklin in 1944. Venona analysts, on the basis of what is said of CHEN’s family relations in this 26 May 1944 message, identify CHEN as Zalmond Franklin. “Chen” does not appear in the Vassiliev notebooks. However, Franklin is identified in the Vassiliev notebooks in 1944 with the cover name “Chap”, which is “Chep” in Russian. As CHAP [CHEP], this cover name also appears in Venona as an unidentified Soviet intelligence agent whose activities are fully compatible with Franklin, and is identified as Franklin herein. It may be that the 26 May 1944 appearance of CHEN in the Venona decryptions is simply a minor ciphering error for CHEP. Venona New York KGB 1944, 159; Venona Special Studies, 77. CHEN (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1943. Venona’s CHEN of 1944 is clearly Zalmond Franklin in light of what is said of CHEN’s family situation in the single message (Venona New York KGB 1944, 159) about CHEN. Venona analysts tentatively extended the Franklin identification of CHEN of 1943, but the elements of what were said of CHEN in these 1943 messages seem a far afield from Franklin’s know activities, and Venona analysts in an annotation noted the uncertainty of the identification. Venona New York KGB 1943, 91–92, 316–17; Venona Special Studies, 77. Chen, Hansheng: Covert agent of the Communist Party of China from 1920s to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Chen operated in the United States in the 1930s. Also known as Hanshen Chen and Henshen Chen. 28 Vassiliev Black Notebook, 45.
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——————————— 28. Maochun Yu, “Chen Hansheng’s Memoirs and Chinese Communist Espionage,” Cold War International History Project Bulletin, no. 6–7 (Winter 1995/1996): 274–76. CHEP [CHAP] (cover name in Venona): Zalmond David Franklin. Unidentified by Venona analysts but identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Franklin. Venona New York KGB 1944, 307, 500, 560, 618; Venona Special Studies, 77. “Chep” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chap”. Cherkasov, ?: KGB officer, 1945. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 107. Chernets, ?: Venona analysts thought this a reference to Count Ferdinand Czernin. Venona New York KGB 1943, 85. CHERNIGOVSKIJ (cover name in Venona): ? Zheleznyj. Soviet ship internal security source. Venona San Francisco KGB, 125; Venona Special Studies, 119. Chernikov, ?: Anti-Bolshevik White Russian activist. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 1. Chernousanov, ?: Likely Naval GRU cipher officer in London. Venona USA Naval GRU, 40. Chernousov, Ivan Pavlovich: Crewman on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 177–78. CHERNOV (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet ship internal security source. Venona Special Studies, 119. Chernov, Victor M.: A Russian Socialist Revolutionary figure. Venona New York KGB 1943, 147–48. “Cherny” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Black”. (Same as CHERNYJ in Venona.). Chernyak, ?: Unidentified. Likely a real name but possibly a cover name. Venona New York KGB 1944, 334.
Chernyakova, ?: Unidentified. Venona San Francisco KGB, 140. Chernyaova, ?: Venona analysts thought an error for Chernyakova. Venona San Francisco KGB, 140. CHERNYJ [BLACK]: (cover name in Venona): Thomas L. Black. (Chernyj means the color black in Russian). Venona New York KGB 1944, 527–28, 542, 558, 560; Venona New York KGB 1945, 208; Venona Special Studies, 56, 77. Chernyj, S.I.: Soviet internal security source. Cover name in Venona: KIRILLOV. Venona San Francisco KGB, 260; Venona Special Studies, 103. “Chernyshevskij”: Soviet ship. Venona San Francisco KGB, 193. Chertok, ?: Described as a Zionist leader in 1939. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 153. Chertova: See Sara Weber. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 144. CHESS KNIGHT [KON']: Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros. Venona Mexico City KGB, 53–54, 57, 353. CHESS QUEEN [FERZ']: Possible cover name in Venona. See partial decryption FE.... Venona New York KGB 1944, 747. CHESTER (cover name in Venona): Bernard Schuster. A party name also used as a cover name. Venona New York KGB 1944, 48, 61, 452, 488, 503, 508, 512–13, 541, 609, 680, 745; Venona New York KGB 1945, 13, 56; Venona Special Studies, 77, 82, 141, 145, 153. “Chester” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Bernard Schuster. “Chester” was Schuster prior to June 1943 when KGB replaced “Chester” with “Echo”, but “Chester” occasionally was still used later, likely because “Chester” originated as and remained Schuster’s CPUSA party name. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 108, 151; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 10; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 23. “Chester” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Robert Oppenheimer in 1944 and 1945. Cover name changed to “Yew” after KGB realized confusion with “Chester”/Schuster. Vassiliev Black
Chester Tank Depot, Pennsylvania: Venona USA GRU, 53, 93. “Chester Valley”: U.S. ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 286. CHETA and CHETÁ [PAIR and COUPLE] (cover name in Venona): Joint cover name for Nicholas and Maria Fisher. Venona New York KGB 1943, 362–63; Venona New York KGB 1944, 183–84, 365, 458–59, 506, 523, 605–06; Venona Special Studies, 60, 78, 182–87; Venona Mexico City KGB, 3, 74–75, 101–2, 129, 191–92, 229, 264.
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Chetniks: See ČETNICI. CHETVERKA [the FOUR] (cover name in Venona): Designation of a group of younger personnel, referred to as students. Venona New York KGB 1944, 438–39; Venona Special Studies, 78. Chetvertushkin, B. A.: Described as connected to the Tchaikovsky Hall in Moscow in 1965. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 152. Chevalier, Haakon: Professor of French Literature at the University of California, Berkeley, secret Communist, and close friend of Robert Oppenheimer. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 24. Chiang Ching-kuo: Son of Chiang Kai-shek. Venona USA Diplomatic, 47. Chiang Kai-shek: Leader of of the Nationalist Chinese government. Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 103;
Chiat: Russian birth name of Joseph Katz’ family. Venona New York KGB 1944, 312. Chibisov, ?: Head of the Narkomvneshtorg Cipher Office in MOSCOW. Venona USA Trade, 12, 18, 21, 25.
Chica-Cantacuzino, Matei: Romanian pilot. Venona New York KGB 1944, 431. Chicago Daily News (newspaper): Vassiliev Black Notebook, 86. Chicago Grain Exchange: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 3, 36. Chicago, IL: Venona New York KGB 1944, 61, 91, 121, 212, 229, 325, 387, 601, 644; Venona New York
72, 90, 100; Venona USA Naval GRU, 6, 243, 304, 368; Venona USA Diplomatic, 15, 55. Chicago Sun (newspaper): Venona New York KGB 1944, 601. Chichayev, Ivan A.: KGB liaison with OSS in London, 1944. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “John”. As Chichayev: Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 93. As “John”: Vassiliev White Notebook
Chicherin, Georgy Vasilyevich: Bolshevik leader, People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs, 1918–1930. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 6–7, 47–48, 52, 55–57, 59–61, 63, 65–67, 69–70. Chief Administration on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy (USSR): Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 61. Chief Concession Committee (CCC): Soviet agency, early 1920s. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 51. Chief Department of the Civil Air Fleet, USSR (GUGVF). Vassiliev Black Notebook, 44. CHIEF DIRECTOR (cover name in Venona): While most the cables from the GRU station in the U.S. to the GRU headquarters in Moscow were to the DIRECTOR, some cables were addressed to the CHIEF DIRECTOR. Possibly DIRECTOR was to the head of GRU foreign operations while CHIEF DIRECTOR was the overall commander of Soviet military intelligence. As CHIEF DIRECTOR: Venona USA GRU, 18, 29, 36, 163, 170. “Chief” [“Shef”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Nikolay Novikov in 1945. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 58. CHIEF [SHEF] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, a journalist. See also CHEF [SHEF]. Venona New York KGB 1944, 146, 215, 217; Venona New York KGB 1945, 186. Venona analysts noted that SHEKH [SHEIKH] (Venona New York KGB 1944, 537; Venona Special Studies, 79) may have been a coding error for SHEF [CHIEF]. CHII?S: Unidentified. Venona Secret Writings New York/Buenos Aires, 4. Chikirisov, ?: Militia (Police) Lieutenant, 1942. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 101. Chikov, V.V.: Described as Amtorg official, 1920s. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 83. Child, C.M.: Biologist. Venona New York KGB 1945,140. Childs, Jacob (‘Jack’): Mid-level CPUSA cadre, involved in its covert apparatus. Husband of Rosalyn Childs. Jack Childs and his brother Morris are candidates for “Olsen”. As the husband of Rose Olsen: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 7. As “Olsen”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 12. As “Phlox’s” husband: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 27. Childs, James Rives: American diplomat. Venona New York KGB 1943, 185–86; Venona USA GRU, 81.
Childs, Morris: Senior CPUSA official. District organizer (head) of the Chicago area Communist Party from 1938 to 1945. Morris Childs and his brother Jack are candidates for “Olsen”. As “Olsen”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 12. As “Phlox’s” husband: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 27. Childs, Rosalyn Pearl: Wife of Jack Childs. Candidate for party name/cover name Rose Olsen and cover name “Phlox”. Rosalyn Pearl Citron worked for the Comintern in Moscow from 1936 to 1938 and upon return to the U.S. as a contact between the CPUSA headquarters and its covert arm in where she met and married Jack Childs in 1940. As Rose Olsen: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 7. As wife of “Olsen”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 12. As “Phlox”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 12, 27. Chile and Chileans: Cover name in Venona: MI. As Chile and Chileans: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 49; Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 24–26, 38–39, 41–42; Venona New York KGB 1943, 32, 37, 74, 122, 159, 203–4, 208, 219, 352; Venona New York KGB 1944, 136, 155, 224, 321–23, 488, 590, 650; Venona Special Studies, 47. As MI: Venona New York KGB 1944, 589–90, 649–50;
Chilean Communist Party: Venona New York KGB 1943, 203; Venona Secret Writings New York/Buenos Aires, 3, 5–6, 9. Chimilowski, Joseph: Alternate spelling for Joseph Chmilevski. China and Chinese: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 4, 17, 21, 47, 67, 74, 83, 89, 93, 96, 111, 138–39, 144, 147, 165, 175; Vassiliev Odd Pages, 22, 25, 31–33; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 5, 7, 25, 28– 29, 33–34, 41, 44, 50–52, 62, 134–35, 144; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 9, 40, 74–76, 104, 131, 133; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 1, 7, 21, 23, 81, 103–6; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 68, 75, 109; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 3, 23; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 3, 17, 61, 79–80, 101;
China, Chinese Nationalist intelligence: Venona USA GRU, 68. DILI, a cover name in Venona, may refer to Chinese Nationalist intelligence. Venona New York KGB 1944, 766. China, People’s Liberation Army of: Vassiliev Odd Pages, 32. China Today (journal): Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 41. Chinese Eastern Railway: Also known as the Chinese Far East Railway. Venona USA Diplomatic, 71. “Chinovnik” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Official”. “Chio” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): A misspelling of “Cio”. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33. Chipchin, Nelson (or Nisen): U.S. Army Military Intelligence school student. Venona New York KGB
CHITA (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent. Venona San Francisco KGB, 136; Venona Special Studies, 119. “Chita” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cheetah”. Chivin, ?: KGB officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Smith” [“Smit”]. There were two KGB officers with the cover name “Smith” operating in the United States in the 1930s. Chivin was described as the chief in the United States of a 1930s special operations group (sabotage, kidnapping and assassination) that was in touch with but operated independently of the KGB’s legal and illegal stations in New York. In 1940 Chivin refused to return to the USSR. The other “Smith” was Grigory Kheifets who worked initially for the New York legal station and was later send to California where the KGB maintained a small station operating out of the Soviet’s San Francisco consulate. Differentiating the two “Smiths” in the notebooks is in several cases difficult. As Chivin: Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 139, 148. As “Smith”: Vassiliev Black
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if Chivin or Kheifets); Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 139–40 (unambiguous Chivin), 142 (unambiguous Chivin), 148 (unambiguous Chivin). “Chizh” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Siskin”. (The chizh is a Eurasian finch known as a siskin in English.). CHIZH [SISKIN] (cover name in Venona): Eduardo Pequeño. Unidentified by Venona analysts but identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Pequeño. Venona New York KGB 1944, 154–55, 396–97, 653–56, 690; Venona Special Studies, 78; Venona Mexico City KGB, 201–2. Chizhkov, ?: Soviet sailor. Venona San Francisco KGB, 37. CHIZHOV (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence agent. Venona San Francisco
CHLOE [KLO] (cover name in Venona): Esther Trebach Rand. Venona Special Studies, 174. Chmilevski, Joseph: Soviet intelligence source/agent. (Alternate spelling: Chimilowski) Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Relay” prior to September 1944, then “Serb”. Cover names in Venona: RELAY [RELE] and SERB. As Chmilevski: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 120. As “Relay”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 111, 117; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55, 110, 112. As “Serb”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 119–20, 127–28, 135; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55. As RELAY [RELE]: Venona New York KGB 1944, 273–74, 295, 462; Venona Special Studies, 60, 65, 143. As SERB: Venona New York KGB 1944, 274, 462; Venona New York KGB 1945, 33;
“Chord” [“Akkord”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): the Morros/Stern music company project. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 15; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 15–17. Chou En-Lai: Senior Chinese Communist figure. Venona New York KGB 1944, 664. Christian Science Monitor (newspaper): Vassiliev Black Notebook, 49; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 72; Venona New York KGB 1943, 344–45. “Chrome-Yellow” [“Kron”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Abraham Brothman, late 1944 and thereafter. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 114, 119, 121, 125, 127, 129, 133, 135–36; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 84–85, 103–7, 110. CHROME-YELLOW and CHROME PIGMENT [KRON] (cover name in Venona): Abraham Brothman. Unidentified by Venona analysts but identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Brothman. Venona
Chrysler Tank factory, Detroit: Venona USA GRU, 93. “Chuck”: Party name of Charles Kramer, 1945. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 19; Vassiliev White
Chugaj, ?: Soviet staff, New York consulate. Venona New York KGB 1945, 57. Chugunov, Konstantin. A.: KGB officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Shah” [“Shakh”]. SHAH [SHAKH] appears in the Venona decryptions as the cover name of Soviet diplomat and KGB officer Konstantin A. Shabanov and the transliteration variant of Konstantin A. Chabanov. Likely Shabanov/Chabanov was Chugunov’s pseudonym in the United States. As Chugunov: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 58, 79; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 81, 155; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 46, 107; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 81. As Chabanov: Venona New York KGB 1944, 86, 97, 191, 225, 264, 331, 391, 405; Venona New York KGB 1945, 62. As Shabanov: Venona New York KGB 1944, 20, 29, 46, 204, 239, 336, 405, 473; Venona New York KGB 1945, 59; Venona Special Studies, 78. As “Shah”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 79, 183, 188–89; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 28, 139; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 79, 81, 83. As SHAH [SHAKH]: Venona New York KGB 1944, 19–20, 29, 46, 86, 96–97, 190–91, 203–4, 224–254, 330–31, 335, 238–39, 263–64, 330, 336, 390–91, 404–5, 412, 472–73; Venona New York KGB
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