International conference on bioinformatics of genome regulation
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Key words: Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens, biosurfactants, alkane, trehalose lipids Motivation and Aim: Сrude oil is a necessary condition for the existence of the world economy and industrial growth. The volume of its exploration and production is constantly increased, which results in massive concomitant environmental pollution. Among other methods of oil contaminants removal from soil and water the use of hydro- carbon oxidizing bacteria takes a special place. Novel microorganisms with enhanced oxidizing activity or valuable biotechnological features (such as ability to produce bio- surfactants) are being searched permanently. Biosurfactants, revealed by bacteria, allow microbial cells to make a contant with hydrophobic hydrocarbon substrate, increasing their biological availability both for biosurfactant-producing bacteria and for other mem- bers of the community [1]. The aim of our study is characterization of biosurfactants and finding its genetic determinants. Methods and Algorithms: From solid chemical waste the bacterial isolate, which was able to utilize alkanes as the sole carbon and energy source, was extracted. According to the classification by 16S rRNA sequence, this isolate was identified as Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens str. PS2. The strain was sequenced on the MiSeq (Illumina) platform, assembled and annotated. Decreasing of surface tension was evaluated on the area of culture medium droplets on the hydrophobic surface. Emulsifying activity was assessed by the optical density of the emulsion [2]. Results: Culture fluid of T. tyrosinosolvens PS2 formed a stable emulsion while being mixed with hexadecane. The medium with hexadecane appeared to have the highest bio- surfactants output in comparison with the medium containing glucose or sucrose. It was found that biosurfactants of this bacteria are of non-ionogenic nature. The genome sequencing of T. tyrosinosolvens PS2 revealed genes of 2 trehalose syn- thesis pathways (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, maltooligosyl trehalose synthase and malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase). In addi- tion, mycolyltransferase genes were found. Based on this, we assume that biosurfactants of T. tyrosinosolvens PS2 belong to the class of trehalose lipids [3]. Conclusion: New strain T. tyrosinosolvens PS2 is able to simultaneously oxidize alkanes and produce biosurfactants into culture fluid. Some properties of these compounds have been characterized. Genomic approach allowed us to identify possible ways of biosur- factant synthesis, with target genes for further research. References: 1. R.S. Reis et al. (2013). Biosurfactants: Production and Applications, Biodegradation - Life of Science, Dr. Rolando Chamy (Ed.), 31-61 (InTech). 2. P.U. Mahalingam et al. (2014) Isolation, characterization and identification of bacterial biosurfactant. Europ. J. Exp. Biol. 4(6): 59-64. 3. B. Tuleva et al. (2008). Production and structural elucidation of trehalose tetraesters (biosurfactants) from a novel alkanothrophic Rhodococcus wratislaviensis strain. J. Appl. Microbiol. 104(6): 1703-1710. 169 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 3D MAP OF PROLIFERATION ACTIVITY IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA ROOT TIPS: TRANSITION DOMAIN BOUNDARIES AND ITS BILATERAL SYMMETRY V.V. Lavrekha 1, 2 *, T. Pasternak 3 , N.A. Omelyanchuk 1, 2 , V.B. Ivanov 4 , V.V. Mironova 1, 2 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 LCTEB, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Centre for BioSystems Analysis, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg, Germany 4 Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia * Corresponding author: vvl@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: mitosis, root apical meristem, transition domain, bilateral root symmetry, Arabidopsis thaliana Background and Aims: The plant root due to its near regular arrangement of cells in files is one of the most suitable experimental system to study growth and developmental processes. Total root length reflects both cell proliferation and cell elongation rates. Cell proliferation occurs in the root apical meristem (RAM) located in the end of the root tip. Cells specification in the end of the RAM leads to the cell cycle arrest. Up to date the RAM structure (length of the proliferation domain, transition to elongation, arrangement of specific cell lineages) was mainly analyzed on 2D images, and this approach has some weaknesses considering bilateral symmetry of the root. Methods: Recently, iRoCS toolbox was developed [1] for annotation of the root tip or- ganization in three dimensions. Together with the refined experimental procedure for detection of cell cycle progression [2], it provides an unprecedented potential to study the mechanism of cell cycle regulation in an entire organ. Here, using these techniques, we analysed the distributions of the key cell cycle events – DNA replication and mitosis in the root tips of Arabidopsis thaliana. Seeds were sterilized and grown on AM medium in plates with 22 °C temperature under 16/8 light cycle conditions. 5-th day old seeds were incubated in 200 μg/l DAPI/10 µM EdU and 1 mg/ml colchicine for 90 minutes. Then, the root tips were investigated using a confocal laser scanning microscope (LSM 510 Duo Live). Results: Annotation of the confocal images with EdU and DAPI labelling using iRoCS toolbox allowed us to give a new insight on the root tip zonation. Namely, we quantita- tively showed that the proliferation activity differs for distinct cell types and files. The differences were associated with bilateral and radial symmetries of the root. In all cell files DNA replication events occurred after the last mitosis and before transition to rapid cell growth. Conclusion: As a result, the concept of the transition zone emerged which in A. thaliana root meristem locates between the last mitoses and last DNA replication events in the different cell files. Acknowledgments: This research was supported in by the Budget project № 0324-2015- 0003 and RSF 14-14-00734. 1. Schmidt, T., Pasternak, T., Liu et al (2014). The iRoCS Toolbox–3D analysis of the plant root apical meristem at cellular resolution. The Plant Journal, 77(5), 806-814. 2. Pasternak, T., Tietz, O., Rapp, K., Begheldo, M., Nitschke, R., Ruperti, B., & Palme, K. (2015). Protocol: an improved and universal procedure for whole-mount immunolocalization in plants. Plant methods, 11(1), 1 170 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE 1 AND REGULATION OF DNA REPAIR O.I. Lavrik 1, 2 1 Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru Key words: PARP1, PARP2, poly(ADP-ribose), BER, protein-protein interaction Motivation and aim: The phenomenon of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)- dependent poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation catalyzed with PARP1 was discovered long time ago, but it is still unclear how this post-translational modification governs a multitude of cel- lular processes including DNA repair. When interacting with the damaged DNA, PARP1 catalyzes the synthesis of a long branched poly (ADP-ribose) polymer (PAR) by using NAD + as a substrate. PAR can be attached to the acceptor amino acid residues of nuclear proteins or to PARP1 itself. This process leads to reorganization of the functional protein complexes involved in base excision repair (BER) and other key processes in cell. The aim of the present research was to investigate the role of poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation in regulation of BER and to search new targets of PARylation catalyzed with PARP1 and PARP2. The role of DNA breaks in PARylation was investigated. The protein–protein interactions in BER were analyzed and quantified in the presence of BER DNA inter- mediates. Methods: Fluorescence titration methods, atomic force microscopy (AFM), light-scat- tering technique, biochemical and immunochemical approaches. Results: PARP1 interacts with BER proteins as well as with DNA intermediates of BER containing breaks or apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP-sites) which appear in BER process. PARP1 interacting with the AP sites shows AP lyase and 5’-dRP lyase activities. Protein- protein interactions of PARP1 with APE1, Pol beta, XRCC1, tyrosyl-DNA-phosphodi- esterase 1 and other components of BER machine were investigated quantitatively by various methods. The strength of protein-protein interactions in BER was influenced by structure of DNA repair intermediates. The specificity of PARP1 and PARP2 interaction with various DNA structures as well as the active role of DNA in PARylation was ap- proved. Conclusion: The results obtained show that PARP1 and PARP2 interact specifically with different kinds of damaged DNA and DNA breaks play an active role in poly(ADP- ribosyl)ation. The protein-protein interactions and its regulation were estimated quanti- tatively at the various stages of BER. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by grant from RSF (14-24-00038). 171 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS OF DEATH RECEPTOR NETWORKS I.N. Lavrik 1, 2 1 Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany 2 Laboratory of systems biology of programmed cell death, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia Key words: gene networks, modeling, programmed cell death Our studies are devoted to the analysis of death receptor networks by systems biology approaches. The members of the death receptor family control programmed cell death (PCD) and proliferative pathways. PCD is essential for regulation of homeostasis and elimination of unneeded, damaged, or infected cells in multicellular organisms. PCD de- regulation contributes to cancer, as well as neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. Creation of mathematical models of death receptor signaling led to an enormous prog- ress in the quantitative understanding of the network regulation and provided fascinating insights into the mechanisms of death receptor control. The key step in the initiation of the death receptor-induced apoptosis is the activation of caspase-8 at the death receptor complex. To understand the dynamics of caspase-8 activation we have developed an agent-based model (Schleich et al, 2012). Interestingly, this mathematical model sup- ported by quantitative mass-spectrometry and western blot experimental data allowed to find out that different stimulation strength results in the distinct composition of the death receptor complexes that contribute to apoptosis induction in a different manner. Using the advanced version of this agent-based model we have discovered recently a nega- tive feedback-loop in procaspase-8 activation (Schleich et al., 2016). Furthermore, the model has allowed to delineate the dynamics of caspase-8 activation events at the death receptor activation complex and suggest the new targets for the development of small molecules, which in turn might be used for the development of new therapies. Overall, these findings provide new insights into caspase-8 activation and apoptosis initiation and underline the power of systems biology in analyzing complex apoptotic networks. References: 1. Schleich K, Warnken U, Fricker N, Oztürk S, Richter P, Kammerer K, Schnölzer M, Krammer PH, Lavrik IN. Stoichiometry of the CD95 death-inducing signaling complex: experimental and modeling evidence for a death effector domain chain model. Mol Cell. 2012 Jul 27;47(2):306-19. 2. Schleich K, Buchbinder JH, Pietkiewicz S, Kähne T, Warnken U, Öztürk S, Schnölzer M, Naumann M, Krammer PH, Lavrik IN. Molecular architecture of the DED chains at the DISC: regulation of procaspase-8 activation by short DED proteins c-FLIP and procaspase-8 prodomain. Cell Death Differ. 2016 Apr;23(4):681-94. Support The work is supported by Russian Science Foundation 14-44-00011. 172 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DOES THYROID DIVERGENCE SERVE AS A DRIVER OF SPECIATION IN CYPRINID FISHES OF THE GENUS BALLERUS (TELEOSTEI)? B.A. Levin 1 *, A.A. Bolotovskiy 1 , M.A. Levina 1 , A.V. Nedoluzhko 2 , K.G. Skryabin 2, 3, 4 , S.M. Rastorguev 2 , E.B. Prokhortchouk 3, 4 1 Institute of Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Borok, Russia 2 National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia 3 Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” RAS, Moscow, Russia 4 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia * Corresponding author: borislyovin@mail.ru Key words: thyroid hormones, fish, phenotype, RNA-seq, evolution, speciation Motivation and Aim: Regulatory evolution is one of the most important mechanisms for origination of novel morphological complexity and evolutionary innovations. Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate development of many phenotypic traits in fishes. We detected sister species of the genus Ballerus (Cyprinidae), which were naturally diverged in TH level and are different in phenotypic traits, which morphogenesis is regulated by TH. The aim of this study is to testify the hypothesis about involvement of TH level diver- gence in evolution of sister species via experimental manipulation of TH level during early development and analysis of derived phenotypes and gene expression. Methods and Algorithms: The progeny from naturally TH deficient species B. ballerus was treated by T 3 during early ontogeny [1]. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELI- SA). Phenotype analysis (counts and measurements). RNA-seq by Illumina GAIIx. Liv- er and brain, totally 12 cDNA-libraries from control and TH-treated fish. Transcriptome de-novo by Trinity. Differential expression by edgeR. GO-enrichment analysis. Details [2]. Results: The phenotype of T 3 -treated fish of the TH-deficient species B. ballerus was approached to sister species with naturally higher TH level, B. sapa, in the numbers of lateral line scales and gill rakers, and in eye size. RNA-seq revealed more than 1200 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and T 3 -treated fish. Many DEGs were involved in determination of morphological traits. Dozen DEGs were homeobox. Conclusion: Pronounced effect of TH on regulation of both phenotype and gene expres- sion was found. Natural divergence in thyroid level might be a trigger for speciation in Ballerus. Acknoweldgements: Study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 15-04-3586 and 15-34-20416), the transcriptome sequencing was support- ed by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 14-24-00175). References: 1. B.A. Levin, M.A. Levina. (2014) Poly ‐and oligomerization of scales in the blue bream Ballerus bal- lerus (Cyprinidae) as a consequence of thyroid status regulation. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 12: 809-813. 2. S.M. Rastorguev et al. (2016) Pleiotropic effect of thyroid hormones on gene expression in fish as ex- emplified from the blue bream Ballerus ballerus (Cyprinidae): Results of transcriptomic analysis. Dokl. Biol. Sci., 467: 124-127. 173 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) GENOMICS DATA G. Li 1 * 1 Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China * Corresponding author: guoliang.li@mail.hzau.edu.cn Key words: gene expression, chromatin, 3D chromosome structures, chromosome contacts, CTCF sites, ChIA-PET Motivation and Aim: Studying of 3D chromosome structure is important problem of molecular biology challenging sequencing technologies. ChIA-PET (Chromatin Interac- tion Analysis with Paired-End-Tag) technology allows detect interactions between pairs of DNA sites affecting gene regulation. Fullwood et al. [1] used ChIA-PET technology to construct chromatin interaction network bound by estrogen receptor alpha (ER) from human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and found long-range ER binding sites are mostly located at promoter regions. CTCF-mediated interactions found in mouse embryonic pluripotent stem cells and human cell lines [2]. Methods and Algorithms: We developed computer programs for 3D genomics data anal- ysis. The data have been obtained experimentally by using Hi-C and ChIA-PET methods [3]. Results: Five distinct chromatin domains revealed by CTCF ChIA-PET raised a new model of CTCF function for chromosome structure organization and linking enhancers to promoters for gene transcription regulation. Conclusion: Chromatin interaction network will be discussed. References: 1. M.J.Fullwood et al. (2009) An oestrogen-receptor-alpha-bound human chromatin interactome, Nature, 462(7269):58-64. 2. G.Li et al. (2014) Chromatin Interaction Analysis with Paired-End Tag (ChIA-PET) sequencing tech- nology and application, BMC Genomics, 15(Suppl 12):S11. 3. Z. Tang et al. (2015) CTCF-Mediated Human 3D Genome Architecture Reveals Chromatin Topology for Transcription, Cell, 163(7):1611-27. 174 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY GENOTYPE DISTRIBUTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C ANALYSIS USING MULTIFACTOR DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION METHOD A.D. Liaudanski 1 *, M.S. Rodzkin 1 , V.S. Pankratov 1 , D.E. Danilau 2 , I.A. Karpov 2 , O.G. Davydenko 1 1 Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus 2 Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus * Corresponding author: 666555@tut.by Key words: chronic hepatitis C, gene polymorphism, MDR method Motivation and aim: hepatitis C virus is one of the major causes of chronic liver patholo- gies. Near 2% of world population suffer from chronic hepatitis C, which determine high relevance of the studying of spontaneous elimination and therapy efficiency influencing factors [1]. The prevalent type of chronic hepatitis C therapy includes pegylated inter- feron in combination with ribavirin, and IL28b gene polymorphism has been announced to be the most informative predictor of such therapy efficiency [2,3]. Taking in account the accuracy of the therapy efficiency prediction based on IL28b gene polymorphism (up to 50% in some population) it is still actual to find other genetic markers to enhance the precision of prognostication. Methods and Algorithms: 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C, who had taken pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy with different (67 unsuccessful and 33 successful) out- comes were analyzed. Polymorphism of IL28b, TNFα, CCR5 and CCL5 genes was de- fined using PCR or PCR-RFLP methods. Multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to find the best model for therapy efficiency prediction (MDR ver.3.0.2 (build 2)). Results: IL28b was found to be the best single marker, as expected (accuracy=0,61, CV consistency 10/10, p=0,0003). But the best accuracy was demonstrated by two-factor model, including IL28b and CCL5 genotypes (accuracy=0,77, CV consistency 10/10, p<0,0001). CCL5 genotypes distribution didn’t vary significantly in patients with differ- ent therapy outcome, but including this in the prognosis model improve the prediction significantly. Entropy distribution demonstrated more than 1,8-fold value increase when comparing IL28b and CCL5 together with IL28b alone: IL28b entropy was 11.57%, CCL5 – 1.75%, IL28b and CCL5 interaction – 7,56% (20,88% in total). Three- and four- factor models were found to be much less informative. Conclusion: multifactor dimensionality reduction proved to be an effective method for genotype distribution in patients with chronic hepatitis C analysis. Two-factor model including IL28b and CCL5 genotypes was found to be the most accurate model for pre- diction of the chronic hepatitis C therapy efficiency. Taking in account CCL5 genotype of the patient together with IL28b could help to improve the prognosis precision of such therapy outcome. References: 1. C.W. Shepard et al. (2005) Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection, Lancet Infect. Dis., 5: 558-567. 2. D. Ge et al. (2009) Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance, Nature, 17: 399-401 3. C.N. Hayes et al. (2012) Genetics of IL28B and HCV--response to infection and treatment, Nat Rev Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 9:406-417 175 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY POSTGENOME MEDICINE AS N-OF-ONE SCIENCE A.V. Lisitsa, E.V. Kolker, H. Chen, V.E. Frankevich IBMC, Moscow, Russia Download 3.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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